蓋茨寄語(yǔ)畢業(yè)生如果我今天走出校園會(huì)做什么
蓋茨表示如果自己在今天重新選擇，會(huì)考慮這三個(gè)領(lǐng)域：人工智能、能源和生物科學(xué)。但是無(wú)論選擇什么專業(yè)，蓋茨希望自己能明白，首先、智力并沒(méi)有曾經(jīng)所想的那樣重要，人必須學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)并欣賞人們不同的才干；其次、能夠真正認(rèn)清真實(shí)的不平等長(zhǎng)什么樣。
目前，科技能使大學(xué)生們能通過(guò)蓋茨那代人從未經(jīng)歷過(guò)的方式去看待問(wèn)題，也能通過(guò)他們從未想過(guò)的方式去幫助別人。蓋茨稱，今日的年青人可以更早地開(kāi)始與不平等作斗爭(zhēng)，無(wú)論是所在的社區(qū)，還是在地球另一端的某個(gè)國(guó)家。
但蓋茨認(rèn)為，這個(gè)世界正變得越來(lái)越好，我們生活在人類(lèi)歷史中最和平的時(shí)代。蓋茨希望畢業(yè)生們能相信世界的難題可以得到解決，以及要在此信念之下采取行動(dòng)。
蓋茨最后表示，“我們生活在一個(gè)不可思議的時(shí)代，我希望你們能把握住這段時(shí)光�！�
以下是公開(kāi)信全文：
比爾蓋茨：我想與2017屆畢業(yè)生分享的人生功課
親愛(ài)的2017屆畢業(yè)生：
祝賀你們！你們剛剛完成了一件我沒(méi)能做到的事――獲得大學(xué)文憑。
我敢肯定你們這些天一定聽(tīng)到了很多建議，不論是從畢業(yè)典禮演講者那里，還是從參加你畢業(yè)派對(duì)的每一個(gè)叔叔阿姨那里。冒著被認(rèn)為重復(fù)絮叨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，我想我還是應(yīng)該分享一些自己的想法。
剛畢業(yè)的大學(xué)生們經(jīng)常向我尋求職業(yè)方面的建議。我很幸運(yùn)，因?yàn)樵谖叶畾q剛出頭時(shí)，數(shù)字革命剛剛開(kāi)始，這讓我和保羅艾倫（Paul Allen）有機(jī)會(huì)參與其中并幫助影響它的發(fā)展（這也解釋了我為什么沒(méi)有獲得大學(xué)學(xué)位――我之所以離開(kāi)學(xué)校，是因?yàn)槲覀兒ε伦约号c這場(chǎng)革命的發(fā)生無(wú)關(guān)）。假如我今天要重新出發(fā)，尋找同樣能給世界帶來(lái)重大影響的機(jī)會(huì)，我會(huì)考慮以下三個(gè)領(lǐng)域。
第一是人工智能。我們剛剛開(kāi)始全方位涉獵這個(gè)領(lǐng)域，人工智能會(huì)使人們的生活更有效率、更具創(chuàng)造性；第二是能源，因?yàn)槟軌颢@得清潔、實(shí)惠和可靠的能源，是抗擊貧困和應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化必不可少的條件；第三是生物科學(xué)，這一領(lǐng)域充滿了機(jī)會(huì)，可以幫助人們活得更長(zhǎng)久、更健康。
但不管你選擇什么樣的職業(yè)，生命中有些東西都是客觀存在的。我多么希望在離開(kāi)學(xué)校時(shí)，我已經(jīng)對(duì)這些事情有了更深刻的理解。首先，智力并沒(méi)有我曾經(jīng)所想的那樣重要，而且智力有許多不同的形式。在微軟成立之初，我認(rèn)為如果你代碼寫(xiě)得很棒，那么你也能管理好人員或運(yùn)營(yíng)好一個(gè)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)團(tuán)隊(duì)，再或者做好其他任何一項(xiàng)工作。關(guān)于這一點(diǎn)，我曾經(jīng)的想法是錯(cuò)誤的。我必須學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)并欣賞人們不同的才干。如果你還沒(méi)能做到的話，你越快地做到這點(diǎn)，你的生活將越豐富。
還有一件事我希望自己能早點(diǎn)明白，那就是真實(shí)的不平等長(zhǎng)什么樣。我直到將近四十歲時(shí)才得以親眼看見(jiàn)不平等，那是在我和梅琳達(dá)第一次去非洲的時(shí)候。我們因所看的`景象而震驚�；貒�(guó)之后，我們便開(kāi)始進(jìn)行更多的學(xué)習(xí)。讓我們震驚不已的是，有一些疾病每年能奪取非洲數(shù)百萬(wàn)兒童的生命，而生活在富裕國(guó)家的人卻根本不用為這些疾病擔(dān)憂。我們認(rèn)為這是世上最不公正的事。我們意識(shí)到我們應(yīng)立即參與其中――我們必須立即開(kāi)始回饋社會(huì)。
我在你們這個(gè)年紀(jì)的時(shí)候，所知道的東西要比你們現(xiàn)在知道的少得多。科技賦予你們能力，使你們能通過(guò)我和我的朋友們從未經(jīng)歷過(guò)的方式去看待問(wèn)題，也能通過(guò)我們從未想過(guò)的方式去幫助別人。你們可以更早地開(kāi)始與不平等作斗爭(zhēng)，無(wú)論是在你所在的社區(qū)，還是在地球另一端的某個(gè)國(guó)家。
與此同時(shí)，我鼓勵(lì)你們與這樣一群人為伍：他們挑戰(zhàn)你、教導(dǎo)你并推動(dòng)你成為最好的自己。對(duì)我而言，梅琳達(dá)就扮演著這樣的角色，我也因此得以成為更好的自己。同我們的好朋友沃倫巴菲特一樣，我衡量自己幸福感的方式，是看我最親密的人是否快樂(lè)、是否愛(ài)我，以及看我給別人的生活帶去了怎樣的影響。
如果我能給你們每人一份畢業(yè)禮物，這份禮物將是一本由斯蒂芬平克（Steven Pinker）撰寫(xiě)的《人性中的善良天使》。讀了這么些年書(shū)之后，你們或許不會(huì)很渴望閱讀一本七百多頁(yè)的著作。但請(qǐng)把這本書(shū)加入你的閱讀列表，等到準(zhǔn)備好的時(shí)候再來(lái)打開(kāi)它。這是我讀過(guò)的最有啟發(fā)性的一本書(shū)。
平克非常有力地論證了世界正變得越來(lái)越好――我們生活在人類(lèi)歷史中最和平的時(shí)代。證明這一點(diǎn)并不容易，尤其在當(dāng)下這個(gè)時(shí)候。當(dāng)你和人們說(shuō)世界正變得越來(lái)越好時(shí)，人們看你的眼神就好像在說(shuō)你不是太天真，就是瘋了。
但這是真的。一旦你明白了這一點(diǎn)，你便會(huì)開(kāi)始用不同的方式看待世界。如果你感覺(jué)事情正變得越來(lái)越好，你就會(huì)想知道是什么在起作用，然后你可以加快進(jìn)步并將它傳播給更多的人、更多的地方。
我的意思不是讓你無(wú)視我們所面臨的嚴(yán)峻問(wèn)題，而是意味著你相信這些問(wèn)題可以得到解決，以及你要在此信念之下采取行動(dòng)。
這就是我世界觀的核心。它支撐我度過(guò)艱難的歲月，也是我在從事了十七年慈善工作后依舊熱愛(ài)這項(xiàng)事業(yè)的原因。我相信它會(huì)帶給你相同的影響。
衷心祝福你們。我們生活在一個(gè)不可思議的時(shí)代，我希望你們能把握住這段時(shí)光。
Dear Class of 2017,
Congratulations! You’ve just accomplished something I never managed to do―earn a college degree.
Between your commencement speaker and every aunt and uncle at your graduation party, I am sure you are getting a lot of advice. At the risk of piling on, I thought I would share a few thoughts.
New college graduates often ask me for career advice. I was lucky to be in my early 20s when the digital revolution was just getting under way, and Paul Allen and I had the chance to help shape it. (Which explains my lack of a college degree―I left school because we were afraid the revolution would happen without us.) If I were starting out today and looking for the same kind of opportunity to make a big impact in the world, I would consider three fields.
One is artificial intelligence. We have only begun to tap into all the ways it will make people’s lives more productive and creative. The second is energy, because making it clean, affordable, and reliable will be essential for fighting poverty and climate change. The third is the biosciences, which are ripe with opportunities to help people live longer, healthier lives.
But some things in life are true no matter what career you choose. I wish I had understood these things better when I left school. For one thing, intelligence is not quite as important as I thought it was, and it takes many different forms. In the early days of Microsoft, I believed that if you could write great code, you could also manage people well or run a marketing team or take on any other task. I was wrong about that. I had to learn to recognize and appreciate people’s different talents. The sooner you can do this, if you don’t already, the richer your life will be.
Another thing I wish I had understood much earlier is what true inequity looks like. I did not see it up close until my late 30s, when Melinda and I took our first trip to Africa. We were shocked by what we saw. When we came back, we began learning more. It blew our minds that millions of children there were dying from diseases that no one in rich countries even worried about. We thought it was the most unjust thing in the world. We realized we couldn’t wait to get involved―we had to start giving back right away.
You know much more than I did when I was your age. Technology lets you see problems in ways my friends and I never could, and it empowers you to help in ways we never could. You can start fighting inequity sooner, whether it is in your own community or in a country halfway around the world.
Meanwhile, I encourage you to surround yourself with people who challenge you, teach you, and push you to be your best self. Melinda does that for me, and I am a better person for it. Like our good friend Warren Buffett, I measure my happiness by whether people close to me are happy and love me, and by the difference I make in other people’s lives.
If I could give each of you a graduation present, it would be a copy of The Better Angels of Our Nature, by Steven Pinker. After several years of studying, you may not exactly be itching to read a 700-page book. But please put this one on your reading list to get to someday. It is the most inspiring book I have ever read.
Pinker makes a persuasive argument that the world is getting better―that we are living in the most peaceful time in human history. This can be a hard case to make, especially now. When you tell people the world is improving, they often look at you like you’re either na?ve or crazy.
But it’s true. And once you understand it, you start to see the world differently. If you think things are getting better, then you want to know what’s working, so you can accelerate the progress and spread it to more people and places.
It doesn’t mean you ignore the serious problems we face. It just means you believe they can be solved, and you’re moved to act on that belief.
This is the core of my worldview. It sustains me in tough times and is the reason I still love my philanthropic work after more than 17 years. I think it can do the same for you.
Good luck to all of you. This is an amazing time to be alive. I hope you make the most of it.
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