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腹腔鏡技術婦外科聯合應用79例臨床分析
作者:張鳳格,米鑫,盧玉蓮,王潤,姚書忠,張寰【關鍵詞】 腹腔鏡檢查;子宮切除術;闌尾切除術;卵巢囊腫剝除;膽囊切除術
[摘要] 目的 研究腹腔鏡下婦、外科聯合手術(下稱聯合手術)完成腹腔內多種病變切除的臨床效果。方法 我院2001年10月~2003年10月共完成聯合手術79例,計子宮切除 膽囊切除37例;子宮切除 闌尾切除6例;卵巢囊腫剝除或附體切除 膽囊切除15例;子宮切除 膽囊切除 闌尾切除1例;卵巢囊腫剝除 闌尾切除18例;闌尾切除 盆腔膿腫引流2例。結果 79例手術均順利,平均手術時間76min(30~120min),平均術中出血量68ml(20~120ml);平均腸功能恢復(術后排氣)26h(10~62h);術后平均住院時間5天(3~7天);平均住院費用4150元。發生直腸損傷1例,鏡下修補后痊愈。結論 腹腔鏡下婦、外科聯合手術可以切除多種病變,具有微創效果。
[關鍵詞] 腹腔鏡檢查;子宮切除術;闌尾切除術;卵巢囊腫剝除;膽囊切除術
Application of gynecological laparoscopy combined with surgical laparoscopy:an analysis of 79 cases
[Abstract] Objective To study the clinical outcome of multi-lesions treated by gynecological laparoscopy combined with surgical laparoscopy(combined operation).Methods From Oct.2001 to Oct.2003 in Gynecological Dept.and Sugical Dept.of Second affiliated Hospital of Scientific &Tecnological University,Inner Mongolia,79 cases of combined operation were performed.Among them 37 cases were hysterectomy and cholecystectomy.Sixteen cases were hysterectomy and appendectomy.Five cases were ovarian cystectomy and cholecystectomy,One case was hysterectomy,cholecystectomy and appendectomy.Eighteen cases were ovarian cystectomy and appendectomy.Two cases were pelvic abscess drainage and appendectomy.Results Operation of 79 cases were performed smoothly.The mean operating time was 75min(30~120)min.The mean bleeding was 75ml(30~120ml).The mean postoperative recovery time of gastrointestinal function was 26 hours(10~62hours).The mean hospitalization was 5 days and the mean expenses of hospitalization was 4150 Yuan of RMB.One case encountered injury of rectum which was repaired laparospically and cured.Conclusion Multi-lesions treated by gynecological laparoscopy combined with surgical laparoscopy are tolerable and minivasive.
[Key words] laparoscopy;hysterectomy;appendectomy;ovarian cystectomy;cholecystectomy
由于腹腔鏡技術發展迅速,手術操作日漸成熟,手術應用日趨廣泛,手術效果良好[1],使得開展腹腔鏡下跨學科多臟器聯合切除術成為可能。過去3年間筆者共完成腹腔鏡婦科和外科聯合手術(下稱聯合手術)79例,取得滿意效果。現報告如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料 2001年10月~2003年10月,筆者共完成聯合手術79例(內蒙科技大學第二附屬醫院婦科和外科住院患者),其中子宮切除 膽囊切除切除37例;卵巢囊腫剝除或附件切除 膽囊切除15例;子宮切除 闌尾切除6例;子宮切除 膽囊切除 闌尾切除1例;卵巢囊腫剝除 闌尾切除18例;闌尾切除 盆腔膿腫引流2例;颊吣挲g20~64歲,平均41歲。44例子宮切除患者中,術前診斷為子宮肌瘤37例,子宮腺肌病5例,宮頸上皮內瘤變(CIN)Ⅲ級1例,子宮內膜原位癌1例。卵巢腫瘤33例中,卵巢漿液性囊腺瘤16例,黏液性囊腺瘤2例,卵巢巧克力囊腫9例,卵巢畸胎瘤6例。53例膽囊切除患者中44例為膽囊結石,均有臨床癥狀,9例為膽囊息肉,術前均經B超或CT檢查。27例闌尾炎均有過1次以上的急性發作史,其中23例為慢性闌尾炎,2例急性發作,2例為盆腔炎同時合并有闌尾炎。所有切除標本均經病理檢查證實。
1.2 手術方式 上腹和下腹部聯合手術者采用氣管插管靜脈復合麻醉,下腹部手術者采用連續硬膜外及腰部聯合麻醉加靜脈復合麻醉。CO2氣腹建立后,臍上緣置10mm Trocar為第1穿刺孔。上、下腹聯合手術時,選擇上、下腹各2個操作孔,病變在下腹部時,下腹左右各一個操作孔。原則是:先做上腹手術,再做下腹手術,先做無菌手術,再做有菌手術。子宮切除的方法為:腹腔鏡輔助陰式子宮切除(LAVH)和腹腔鏡下全子宮切除(TLH)。卵巢腫瘤手術采用卵巢囊腫剝除術或附件切除術。膽囊和闌尾按常規術式。盆腔膿腫者置引流管。
2 結果
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