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      2. 成人英語句子挑錯中間接引語的錯誤

        時間:2024-07-04 19:10:40 成人英語 我要投稿
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        2017成人英語句子挑錯中間接引語的錯誤

          導語:在英語里,我們可以用兩種方法轉述人的話語。第一種是直接引語(The Direct Speech);第二種是間接引語(The Indirect Speech),也可叫“The Reported Speech”)。下面YJBYS小編講解成人英語句子挑錯中間接引語的錯誤,歡迎參考!

        2017成人英語句子挑錯中間接引語的錯誤

          從直接引語轉變為間接引語是一種表達行式的改變,不影響原意。例如:

          ① a. He said, "I am working now."

          b. He said that he was working then.

          ② a. She asked me, "Do you like to sing?"

          b. She asked me if I liked to sing.

          ③ a. "Go out!" the man said to the boy.

          b. The man ordered the boy to go out.

          ①b, ②b, ③b是間接引語,其形式和①a, ②a, ③a不同。

          間接引語是種常見的句法,用得很多。正因為用得多,出錯的機會也多。下面便是些例子:

          ④ He said that he would come tomorrow.

          這里的副詞“tomorrow”要變成“the next day”。理由是:間接引語里的時間副詞或短語, 一般上要把其中的時間向前推,如: tomorrow: the next day; today: that day; last night: the night before; now: then; ago: before that time 等。

          ⑤ I asked what is wrong with him.

          這里的“is”要變成“was”。須知:主句“I asked”和分句 “what is wrong with him”的動詞時態必須配合。既然主句的動詞 “asked”是過去時態,分句的動詞也要過去時態“was”。此外,動詞時態一般上也要推前,因此簡單過去時態(Simple Past Tense)要變成過去完成時態(Past Perfect Tense),如:went : had gone; left : had left.

          ⑥ John told her don't do that again.

          這里的“don't do”要變成“not to do”才對。理由是:祈使句變成間接引語時的形式是不定式動詞:“to + verb / not to + verb”,如:to come / not to come; to do / not to do.

          ⑦ She asked me where was I going.

          這里的“was I”詞序不對, 要變成“I was”才是,因為間接疑問句(indirect question)里的詞序和敘述句一樣,是正常詞序,不是倒裝法,如:

          ⑧ He wanted to know who that girl was.

          ⑨ John asked Helen if she was free.

          ⑩ She asked me whether I could help her.

          如果詞序是倒裝形式,就錯了:

          ……who was that girl.

          ……if was she free.

          ……whether could I help her.

          關于間接疑問句,還有一點必須注意的是,直接疑問句里的疑問詞要照用, 如例⑧的“who”。如果沒有疑問詞,就要借重連接詞“ if”或“ whether”之助,如例⑨和⑩便是。

          在結束本文之前,順便提一提怎樣把表示驚嘆或愿望的直接引語轉成間接引語。

          11. He said, "Alas! I am undone."

          12. "Bravo! You have done a good job, Mary," said the teacher.

          13. "Good Heaven!' Tom cried, "I'll never lie again."

          把11-13,轉變為14-16時, 可以用恰當的動詞把深層的意思反映出來,甚至加些原文沒有的字眼,也無所謂:

          14. He exclaimed that he was undone.

          15. The teacher praised Mary, saying that she had done a good job.

          16. Tom called upon Heaven to witness his determination not to lie again.

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