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      2. 英語形容詞和副詞的語法詳解

        時間:2024-10-21 09:43:37 基礎英語 我要投稿
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        英語形容詞和副詞的語法詳解

          內 容 提 要--形容詞與副詞比較級和最高級的基本用法

        英語形容詞和副詞的語法詳解

          一、原級比較的基本用法

          1. 原級比較由"as+形容詞或副詞(或再加名詞或短語)+as "構成"原級相同"比較句,表示兩者比較;其否定式,即"程度不及"比較句型為"not so(as) +形容詞或副詞+as",而且as…as結構前可用just, almost, nearly, quite等表示程度的詞修飾

          2. "as (so)+名詞+as+名詞"進行名詞比較,這時一般情況下有一個表示原級的比較詞,但如果第一名詞前出現了形容詞修飾該詞或出現副詞修飾謂語,應當用so而不用as

          二、比較級

          1. 比較級由"形容詞(副詞)比較級+than+…,"構成表示在兩者中間一方比另一方"更加…",英語語法詳解 形容詞和副詞(二)。連詞than后可接句子,也可接名詞、代詞、名詞短語、介詞短語、動詞、動詞不定式、ING結構和睧D結構,有時也可省去than。

          2. 注意than前后兩項相比較的人或事物要一致

          三、最高級

          1. 最高級用于三者以上比較,形容詞的結構形式是"定冠詞+形容詞最高級+名詞+表示范圍的短語或從句"(如all, of all, of the tree, in the world, that has ever taken place等)

          2. 副詞的最高級與形容詞最高級的區別在于最高級前沒有定冠詞the

          四、同步練習

          1) Walking briskly for thirty minutes will burn as many calories as .

          [A] to run for fifteen minutes

          [B] running for fifteen minutes

          [C] you run for fifteen minutes

          [D] fifteen瞞inute walking

          解析

          :B為正確答案。

          2) The gorilla(大猩猩), while [A] not quite as curious than [B] the chimpanzee(黑猩猩), shows more persistence [C] and memory retention(記憶力) in solving [D] a problem.

          解析:B錯。改為 as ,和前面的as和形容詞原形curious 一起構成同程度比較。

          3) Alaska is twice [A] as larger [B] as [C] the next largest [D] state, Texas.

          解析:B錯。 改為as large。

          4) Thomas Jefferson's achievements as an architect rival his contributions a politician.

          [A] such [B] more [C] as [D] than

          解析:C對。動詞rival(勝過、匹敵)前后是兩個相比較的成分achievements(成果)和 contributions(貢獻),由于前面的名詞后出現了短語 as an architect,故空白處也應用as,使前后對比成分一致。

          5) I should say Henry is not much a writer as a reporter.

          [A] that [B] so [C] this [D] as

          解析:B為正確答案,英語語法《英語語法詳解 形容詞和副詞(二)》。

          6) Natural mica(云母) of [A] a superior [B] quality is cheapest [C] to obtain than synthetic [D] mica.

          解析:C錯。應改為比較級cheaper。比較級后并不一定跟接連詞than,有時在其間有名詞或名詞短語(被形容詞所修飾),介詞短語,不定式或其他成分隔開。

          7) She is older than .

          [A] any other girl in the group [B] any girl in the group

          [C] all girls in the group [D] you and me as well as the group

          解析:A為正確答案。"She"作為單個不能跟全組比(C和D不對),也不能跟全組所有相比,因為"她"也是其中一員,自然"她"不能跟自己相比。這里"She"比較的是"這組中的任何一個",所以A對。

          8) Josephine McCrackin joined [A] the "Santa Cruz Sentinel" in 1905 and, until her death fifteen years late [B] , remained [C] active in journalistic [D] work.

          解析:B錯。應改為比較級later,因此處實為與1905年相比晚15年,故應使用比較級。

          9) The purpose of the research had a more important meaning for them than .

          [A] ours [B] with us [C] for ours it had [D] it did for us

          解析:D為正確答案。

          10) Sound travels air.

          [A] faster through water than through [B] faster than through water and

          [C] through water faster and[D] where it is faster through water than through

          解析:A為正確答案。

          11) Gerbrand von den Feckhout, one of Rembrand's pupils, followed [A] the style of his teacher so implicitly that [B] his paintings [C] are sometimes confused with his master [D] .

          解析:D錯。 改為his master's。

          12) The more [A] fearsome of all the [B] animals in [C] the Western [D] Hemisphere is the grizzly bear.

          解析:A錯。 改為most。

          13) Of all economic [A] problems, inflation continues to be [B] a [C] most significant in its daily impact on [D] people and business.

          解析:C錯。改為the, significant是多音節形容詞,在此處應用最高級形式(在前面加 the most),注意句中的"of all… "。

          14) ,the most familiar to general public is the criminal jurisdiction.

          [A] All the activities [B] The activities

          [C] Of all the activities [D] It is the activities

          解析:C為正確答案。本句空白處缺狀語,A和B全為名詞短語,不符合條件;D為句子,和空白后面的句子沒有任何聯系,故亦應排除。只有C正確,和后面的最高級the most familiar前后呼應。

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