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大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試閱讀理解真題
2017年大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試在6月17日進(jìn)行，下面是四級(jí)考試閱讀理解真題，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。
試卷一選詞填空(文都教育版)
【原文】
Physical activity does the body good, and there’s growing evidence that it helps the brain too. Researchers in the Netherlands report that children who get more exercise, whether at school or on their own, 26 to have higher GPAs and better scores on standardized tests. In a 27 of 14 studies that looked at physical activity and academic 28 , investigators found that the more children moved, the better their grades were in school, 29 in the basic subjects of math, English and reading.
The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes should be cut as schools struggle to 30 on smaller budgets. The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time. With standardized test scores in the U.S. 31 in recent years, some administrators believe students need to spend more time in the classroom instead of on the playground. But as these findings show, exercise and academics may not be 32 exclusive. Physical activity can improve blood 33 to the brain, fueling memory, attention and creativity, which are 34 to learning. And exercise releases hormones that can improve 35 and relieve stress, which can also help learning. So while it may seem as if kids are just exercising their bodies when they’re running around, they may actually be exercising their brains as well.
A)attendance B)consequently C)current D)depressing
E)dropping F)essential G)feasible H)flow
I)mood J)mutually K)particularly L)performance
M)review N)survive O)tend
【答案解析】
26. (O) tend 本句缺少謂語動(dòng)詞，主語為children, 且為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，句子應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形且要與to搭配，選O。
27. (M) review空前為冠詞和介詞，空處選名詞，根據(jù)分類三個(gè)名詞均不符合句意，review既有名詞也有動(dòng)詞詞性，名詞意為“回顧”。
28. (L) performance前為形容詞，空處選擇名詞，選L。
29. (K) particularly句子完整，位置不在名詞前，考查副詞，選K。
30. (N) survive前有to, 選動(dòng)詞原形，根據(jù)句意，選N。
31. (E) dropping逗號(hào)后句子完整，考查非謂語，depressing或dropping, 根據(jù)句意，選E。
32. (J) mutually句子完整考查形容詞或副詞，空后為形容詞，故填副詞，根據(jù)句意選J。
33. (H) flow 結(jié)合語意“血液流到大腦”，應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞flow。
34. (F) essential 前為are, 后面有to, 搭配be essential to。
35. (I) mood前為動(dòng)詞，and并列，后有stress。
試卷一段落匹配(有道考神版)
36 正確選項(xiàng) E
37 正確選項(xiàng) L
38 正確選項(xiàng) B
39 正確選項(xiàng) H
40 正確選項(xiàng) N
41 正確選項(xiàng) J
42 正確選項(xiàng) F
43 正確選項(xiàng) C
44 正確選項(xiàng) I
45 正確選項(xiàng) G
試卷一仔細(xì)閱讀(文都教育版)
Passage one
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
As Artificial Intelligence(AI) becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.
Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks, it’s necessary to translate our morals into AI language.
For example, if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldn’t want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. “You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values,” said Russell.
Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you wouldn’t think that’s the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.
It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines, if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules.
Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless.
The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to so sufficient testing and they’ve produced a system that will break some kind of taboo(禁忌).
One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation.
If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the opportunity to stop, send out beeps(嘟嘟聲), and ask for directions from a human. If we humans aren’t quite sure about a decision, we go and ask somebody else.
The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral, and how to create a set of ethical rules. But if we come up with an answer, robots could be good for humanity.
46.What does the author say about the threat of robots?
A)It may constitute a challenge to computer progranmers.
B)It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.
C)It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.
D)It has become an inevitable peril as technology gets more sophisticated.
47.What would we think of a person who invades our personal space according to the author?
A)They are aggressive.
B)They are outgoing.
C)They are ignorant.
D)They are ill-bred.
48.How do robots learn human values?
A)By interacting with humans in everyday life situations.
B)By following the daily routines of civilized human beings.
C)By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.
D)By imitating the behavior of property brought-up human beings.
49.What will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation?
A)keep a distance from possible dangers.
B)Stop to seek advice from a human being.
C)Trigger its built-in alarm system at once.
D)Do sufficient testing before taking action.
50.What is most difficult to do when we turn human values into a programmable code?
A)Determine what is moral and ethical.
B)Design some large-scale experiments.
C)Set rules for man-machine interaction.
D)Develop a more sophisticated program.
參考答案：
46. 正確選項(xiàng)C. It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.
47. 正確選項(xiàng) D. They are ill-bred.
48. 正確選項(xiàng) C. By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.
49. 正確選項(xiàng) D. Do sufficient testing before taking action.
50. 正確選項(xiàng) A. Determine what is moral and ethical.
試卷一仔細(xì)閱讀(滬江網(wǎng)校版)
Passage Two
51. C. Scholars and policymakers have different opinions about it.
52. A. Pre-K achievements usually do not last long.
53. B. When it is made part of kids' education.
54. D. She is a firm supporter of pre-K.
55. C. Early intervention.
試卷二選詞填空(新東方版)
26 B advanced
27 D frequent
28 G dempens
29 A abandoned
30 M provide
31 K grant
32 H dietant
33 L merely
34 I understandably
35 F dampens
試卷二仔細(xì)閱讀(文都教育版)
參考答案：
46. B.It weakens in one’s later years.
47. D.Some of them begin to decline when people are still young.
48. C.They function quite well even in old age.
49. D. can put what they have learnt into more effective use.
50. A.find ways to slow down our mental decline.
答案解析：
46. B.It weakens in one’s later years.
解析：從原文第一段declining mental function is often seen as a problem of old age, “心智功能衰退經(jīng)常被看做是老年人的問題”，可以看出B是正確答案。
47. D.Some of them begin to decline when people are still young.
解析：從原文第一段but certain aspects of brain function actually begin their decline in young adulthood , a new study suggests. “但是一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，大腦的某些功能在人們年輕的時(shí)候就開始衰退”，可以看出D是正確選項(xiàng)。
48. C.They function quite well even in old age.
解析：從原文第五段中原句Most people’s minds function at a high level even in their later years, according to researcher Timothy Salthouse. “根據(jù)研究人員Timothy Salthouse的說法，大多數(shù)人的心智功能在他們晚年依然保持高水平工作”，可以看出C是正確選項(xiàng)。
50. D. can put what they have learnt into more effective use.
解析：從原文第六段中原句but that the amount of knowledge one has, and the effectiveness of integrating it with one’s abilities, may increase throughout all of adulthood if there are no diseases. “但是只要一個(gè)人沒有疾病，那么這個(gè)人擁有的知識(shí)量，以及把知識(shí)和能力結(jié)合在一起的效率，可能會(huì)在整個(gè)成年時(shí)期增加”可以看出D是正確選項(xiàng)。
50. A.find ways to slow down our mental decline.
解析：從原文倒數(shù)第二段中原句We gain insight in cognition changes, and may possibly discover ways to slow the rate of decline.“我們更加了解認(rèn)知變化，而且可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)減緩衰退的方法”，可以看出A是正確選項(xiàng)。
試卷三選詞填空(新東方版)
26 I mood
27 C current
28 O ten
29 H flow
30 F essential
31 K particularly
32 M review
33 A attendance
34 E dropping
35 G feasible
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