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      1. 參透托福高級寫作:從BBC報道北京霧霾談起

        時間:2024-10-11 08:49:29 出國考試 我要投稿
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        參透托福高級寫作:從BBC報道北京霧霾談起

          北京霧霾再次來襲,今天我是帶著口罩來上班的。與其抱怨霧霾的可惡,還不如看看今天的BBC新聞,學習一些可以用在托福寫作中的高級表達。

        參透托福高級寫作:從BBC報道北京霧霾談起

          以下英文內容摘自12月19日(今早)的BBC新聞

          【1】The Chinese capital will see hazardous smog from Saturday until Tuesday, the official meteorological [氣象的] service said.

          解析:hazardous smog是“危險的霧霾”,hazardous可看作dangerous的升級版。

          【2】Beijing authorities [北京當局] have advised residents to avoid outdoor activity and for schools to stop classes.

          解析:have advised residents to是“建議市民”。在托福獨立寫作中,很多考生都喜歡寫suggest somebody to do something,這是不對的。應該是advise somebody to do something。

          【3】The red alert - the highest of a four-level alert system instituted [制定] two years ago - also triggers restrictions on vehicle use, factories and construction work.

          解析:triggers restrictions on vehicle use, factories and construction work是“使政府出臺了車輛限行制度,出臺了限制工廠生產以及限制建筑工程進度的制度”。首先,trigger可看作cause的升級版。其次,這個英譯漢一定要注意,不能生硬地翻譯為“引發了在車輛使用,工廠和建筑工作上的限制”。相反,適當地增減與重復(中文不怕重復)一些詞匯可使中文翻譯變得得體而不生硬。

          【4】The government has promised to take action to address often dangerous levels of pollution.

          解析:take action to address是“采取措施以應對”,可看作do something to deal with的升級版。

          【5】The government is coming under increasing pressure to deal with the problem.

          解析:coming under increasing pressure是托福獨立寫作開頭段的常用語言點,因為很多考生喜歡寫“人們的壓力越來越大”,那就是People are coming under increasing pressure。

          【6】Long-term exposure to high levels of dangerous particulate [粒子] matter in smog - PM2.5 - has been linked to lung damage and respiratory illnesses.

          解析:這句話的意思是“人如果長時間暴露在霧霾里,其中高濃度的危險顆粒物質(也即PM2.5)就可能導致肺部受損或使人患上呼吸道疾病,這是有一定科學依據的。”這句話的has been linked to很難翻譯,請大家仔細體會。這句話有高級英語的鮮明特征——名詞結構,但翻回漢語的時候,就要加上人等主語,否則顯得生硬。

          【7】Beijing resident Cheng Xianke expressed concern for the health of the elderly and children. He told Reuters: "For us who commute to work [乘車上下班] it's not so bad but still I'm very concerned about the pollution. I think the government needs to put more effort into solving this."

          解析:expressed concerned for可看作were worried about的升級版;the elderly是old people的委婉說法;put more effort into solving this可看作do something more to solve this的升級版。

          【8】Coal-powered industries and heating systems - in heavy use during the cold Beijing winter - are major contributors to the smog.

          解析:are major contributors to the smog可看作have mainly caused the smog。

          【9】China still depends on coal for more than 60% of its power, despite big investments in renewable energy sources.

          解析:despite big investments in renewable energy sources可看作although it (China) has invested a lot in renewable energy sources的升級版,因為高級英語傾向于使用介詞短語與分詞,這樣顯得更簡單,而且不用考慮時態。如果大家想寫出高質量的托福獨立作文,不妨注意一下這一點。

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