考研英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法小講：副詞
副詞可修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)及整個(gè)句子。
例句： Andrew, my father?s younger brother, will not be at the picnic, much to the family?s disappointment. (1997年第3題)
分析： 該句是簡(jiǎn)單句，其中副詞much修飾介詞短語(yǔ)to the family?s disappointment。
譯文： 我父親的弟弟安德魯不會(huì)參加野餐，這令全家人非常失望。
副詞的分類：
1. 時(shí)間副詞，如now, yesterday, today, ago, then, lately, soon, shortly, immediately, finally, recently, before, tomorrow。
例句: Americans today don?t place a very high value on intellect. (選自2004年Text 4)
分析： 該句是簡(jiǎn)單句。
譯文： 現(xiàn)在美國(guó)人不重視智力。
2. 地點(diǎn)副詞，如here, there, above, below, downstairs, upstairs, home, somewhere, everywhere, elsewhere, down, up, anywhere等。
例句： Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses? convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. (選自2002年Text 1)
分析： 該句是復(fù)合句，兩個(gè)which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句分別修飾an example和a story，前一個(gè) which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用。
譯文： 比如說(shuō)，在一次護(hù)士大會(huì)上，我聽(tīng)到了一個(gè)能很好地發(fā)揮幽默效果的`故事，因?yàn)樗械穆?tīng)眾都對(duì)醫(yī)生持有相同的看法。
3. 程度副詞，如fairly, rather, very, almost, too, quite, enough, so, much。
例句: She had clearly no intention of doing any work, although she was very well paid.(1997年第34題)
分析： 該句是復(fù)合句，although后面跟的是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
譯文： 雖然付給她的報(bào)酬豐厚，但她無(wú)意去工作。
4. 頻率副詞，如sometimes, often, usually, always, frequently, constantly, rarely, seldom, never, occasionally。
例句： In addition, the designer must usually select furniture or design built?in furniture, according to the functions that need to be served.
分析： 該句是簡(jiǎn)單句，其中built?in意為“內(nèi)嵌式的”。在方式狀語(yǔ)中，that need to be served為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾the functions。
譯文： 此外，根據(jù)需要滿足的功能，設(shè)計(jì)者通常必須選擇家具或設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)嵌式家具。
5.方式副詞，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的方式，如quickly，fast，slowly，suddenly，carefully， well, properly, roughly, angrily, rudely。
例句： You would be shocked if the inside of your bedroom were suddenly changed to look like the inside of a restaurant.
分析： 該句是復(fù)合句，if引導(dǎo)的從句表示與現(xiàn)在相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
譯文： 如果你的臥室內(nèi)部突然變得和飯店內(nèi)部一樣，你可能會(huì)大吃一驚。
6.疑問(wèn)副詞，如when, where， how， why, who。
例句： So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time? (選自2002年Text 3)
分析： 該句是特殊疑問(wèn)句。動(dòng)詞warn的ing形式作headlines的后置定語(yǔ)，表示一種主動(dòng)關(guān)系。
譯文： 那么這次警告人們經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條到來(lái)的頭版新聞?dòng)衷谀膬耗?
7.關(guān)系副詞，如when，where，why。
例句： Yet it is hard to imagine that the merger of a few oil firms today could recreate the same threats to competition that were feared nearly a century ago in the U.S., when the Standard Oil Trust was broken up.
分析： 該句是復(fù)合句，主句是it is ha
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