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中石油職稱英語(yǔ)閱讀理解文章講解
在今后的1000年里，我們的世界會(huì)面臨哪些問題呢?下面是小編整理的中石油閱讀理解：21世紀(jì)的趨勢(shì)，希望能幫到大家!
Trends for 21st Century 21世紀(jì)的趨勢(shì)
1.What problemswillour world encounter in the next1,000 years? Social scientistsand economists, farming experts and environmentalists posethis question and examinedata and informationfrom surveys.
1、在今后的1000年里(in the next1,000 years)，我們的世界會(huì)面臨哪些問題呢?(特殊疑問句語(yǔ)序; encountervi. 遭遇)社會(huì)科學(xué)家、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家、農(nóng)業(yè)專家和環(huán)境保護(hù)主義者提出(pose)了這個(gè)問題，并對(duì)調(diào)查所得的數(shù)據(jù)和信息(data andinformation from surveys)進(jìn)行了研究。
2. In every field, experts examine changes to understandthe state of the field.To understand a country’s economy,economistscheck growthin an industrysuch assteel.To understand the state ofbusiness, they maylook atthe number of building permitsfornew houses. The informationlearnedshows increases or decreases. Important trends emergein each field.
2、各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的專家都通過對(duì)變化的研究來了解該領(lǐng)域的狀況。為了了解一個(gè)國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況(To understand a country’s economy)，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家對(duì)某個(gè)行業(yè)，如(such as)鋼鐵業(yè)的增長(zhǎng)情況(growth)進(jìn)行調(diào)查。為了了解行業(yè)的狀況(To understand the state of business)，他們可能會(huì)調(diào)查新房建造許可證的發(fā)放數(shù)量(the number of 數(shù)量;buildingpermits 施工執(zhí)照;建筑許可證)。得到的資料(learned過去分詞作定語(yǔ)，修飾the information)能顯示出增長(zhǎng)或減少的情況，各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的重要趨勢(shì)就能體現(xiàn)出來(emerge vi. 顯現(xiàn);浮現(xiàn);暴露)。
3. Population
3、人口
4. Population is importanttoevery person on Earth. Peopletendto live longerin most places. In Central Europe,however,life spanis droppingbecausehealth careis notwhatit was a few years ago. Factorsaffectinggeneral healthinclude excessive smoking，drinking ofalcoholandpolluted water supplies.
4、人口多少對(duì)地球上的每個(gè)人都很重要。在大多數(shù)地區(qū)(in most places)人們的壽命越來越長(zhǎng)(tend to dosth. 傾向于;往往會(huì))。但在中歐，由于衛(wèi)生保健(health care)不如前幾年，人的壽命(life span)正在縮短(is dropping)。影響大眾健康(affecting general health)的因素包括吸煙過度(excessive smoking)，酗酒以及飲水污染(alcohol n. 酒精;polluted adj. 受污染的; watersupplies 供水)。
5. The population explosiononour planethas been increasingat an alarming ratebutthe percentage of increaseis decreasing.One out of every five peopleon Earth is Chinese,yetChina’s growth ratehas slowed.Asthe number of womengoingto schoolincreases, the growth rate declines.
5、我們星球上的人口的爆炸正在以驚人的速度(at an alarmingrate)加劇著，不過增長(zhǎng)的百分比(the percentage of increase)在減小。地球上每五個(gè)人中就有一個(gè)(One out of every five people)是中國(guó)人，但中國(guó)的人口增長(zhǎng)速度己經(jīng)減慢了。隨著(as)受教育(going to school修飾the number ofwomen)的婦女越來越多，人口增長(zhǎng)率正在下降。
6. FoodProduction
6、糧食生產(chǎn)
7. The production of grainseemsto be decreasingmainlybecauseof climate changes. Natural disasterslike storms and floodshavewashed awaymany crops.
7、谷物產(chǎn)量似乎正在減少，這主要是由于氣候的變化。暴風(fēng)雨(storms)和洪水(floods)這類自然災(zāi)害(natural disasters)毀掉了許多莊稼。(wash away 沖走;沖垮)
8.With lessland forcattle and sheep,less meat like beefand lamb is being produced. Production of chicken, turkey and fishhas increased,however. The amount of ocean fishhas not increased,butfish farm productionhas.
8、由于(with)可供飼養(yǎng)牛羊的土地減少了，牛肉和羊肉生產(chǎn)越來越少(less meat like beef and lamb is beingproduced現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))。不過雞肉、火雞肉和魚的產(chǎn)量提高了。但海魚(ocean fish)的產(chǎn)量沒有提高，只是人工養(yǎng)魚場(chǎng)(fish farm)的產(chǎn)量提高了。
9. Fish farming is veryefficient:producing a kilogram of fish utilizesless than2 kilograms of feed.In contrastittakes2.2 kilograms of feedtoproduce 1 kilogram of chicken. Onekilogram of beefrequires7 kilograms of grain. People,therefore, may eatless red meatinthe future andmore fish.
9、養(yǎng)魚業(yè)(fish farming)的生產(chǎn)效率相當(dāng)高(efficientadj. 有效率的)：生產(chǎn)1公斤魚只需要不到2公斤的飼料(less than 少于;小于;不超過;utilize vt.利用)，而(in contrast 與此相反;相比之下)生產(chǎn)1公斤雞肉需要2.2公斤的飼料，生產(chǎn)1公斤牛肉需要7公斤谷物(grain)。因此，人們將來可能會(huì)少吃紅肉(牛肉、羊肉等)(less red meet)，多吃魚類(more fish)。
10. Energy
10、能源
11.Usingfossil fuelsfor energyhas not changed very muchbutwindenergy useis increasingsignificantly. Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Britain, and America havelarge wind power projects. China, India,Mexico, New Zealand, and Ukraine are also developing wind power.
11、以化石燃料為能源的情況(Using fossil fuels for energy)沒有發(fā)生多大變化，但是(but)對(duì)風(fēng)力的利用正越來越受到重視(is increasingsignificantly)。丹麥、德國(guó)、荷蘭、英國(guó)和美國(guó)都有大型風(fēng)力發(fā)電項(xiàng)目(large wind power projects)。中國(guó)、印度、墨西哥、新西蘭和烏克蘭也正在開發(fā)風(fēng)力發(fā)電。
12. Energy fromnuclearpower plantsissteadily increasingbutthe problem ofdangerous wastelimits growthin many regions.Becausemany electrical companies consider nuclear energytoo expensive，the trend istowardless dangerous sources of energy.
12、核電廠(nuclear powerplants)提供的能源在穩(wěn)步上升，但因?yàn)楹穗姀S的有害廢料(dangerous waste)問題，在許多地區(qū)其發(fā)展受到限制。由于許多電力公司都認(rèn)為核能代價(jià)太大(too expensive太昂貴)，因此總體趨勢(shì)是發(fā)展危險(xiǎn)性小的能源(less dangerous sources of energy)。
13.Whilenatural gasuse is increasing，use of coalas fuelis decreasing. Naturalgas, an outstandingenergy source，can be used to heat homes, make electricity, and power cars.
13、隨著(while)天然氣使用量的增長(zhǎng)，煤炭作為燃料的使用量(use of coal as fuel)正在減少。天然氣這種優(yōu)質(zhì)的(outstandingadj. 杰出的)能源可以用于家庭取暖、發(fā)電和驅(qū)動(dòng)汽車。(be used to dosth. 被用來做…)
14. Economics
14、經(jīng)濟(jì)
15.Ascountriesaround the world trademore withone another,more products are available.Butthefast development of the world economywillbring aboutmany new problems.Withfewer trees, the paper industry is producing more paper fromrecycled materials.However,the paper-making processunfortunately damages the planetasit useslarge amounts of water, burnsfossilfuelsand produces large amounts ofchemicalwaste.
15、隨著(as)世界各國(guó)之間貿(mào)易量的增加(one another 彼此，通常為三者以上;each other 彼此，通常為兩者之間; trade vi. 交易)，可買到的產(chǎn)品越來越多(be available 可供使用的)。但世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展會(huì)帶來許多新問題(bring about 引起;導(dǎo)致)。由于樹木減少，造紙廠更多地依靠再生材料(recycled materials)造紙，但不幸的是(unfortunately)，造紙工藝(the paper-making process)也對(duì)我們的星球造成損害(damages)，因?yàn)?as)它要用大量的水，燃燒大量的化石燃料(fossil fuels)，而且還會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量的化學(xué)廢料(chemical waste)。
16. Automobile productionisdown,whilebicycle productionis up. Crowded highways，high gasoline costs, and ease of bicycling are three reasons forthis change.
16、汽車產(chǎn)量在下降，而(while)自行車產(chǎn)量在上升。導(dǎo)致這一變化的三個(gè)原因是：高速公路擁擠不堪(crowded adj.擁擠的)，汽油價(jià)格昂貴，而騎自行車出行輕便自如(ease n. 輕松;悠閑)。
17. Health
17、健康
18.Three major health trendsexistaswe begin the new century. Health careis better thanever.Medical research breakthroughs includefinding tumors earlyand saving livesthrough CAT scans and surgery. Surviving cancer is a new trend. HIV/AIDS,however，is spreadingquicklyall over the world.
18、在我們邁入新世紀(jì)之際，呈現(xiàn)出了三個(gè)主要的健康趨勢(shì)(three major health trends)。(1)衛(wèi)生保健工作不斷改善(better thanever 好于以前)，(2)醫(yī)學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域有新的突破(breakthrough n. 突破;突破性進(jìn)展)，包括利用CAT掃描(即計(jì)算機(jī)化X射線軸向分層造影掃描)和外科手術(shù)(surgery n.)來及早發(fā)現(xiàn)腫瘤并挽救生命(findingtumors early and saving lives)。癌癥病人的生存率得到提高也是一個(gè)新趨勢(shì)。然而，艾滋病(HIV/AIDS)卻正在全世界迅速蔓延(spread vi. 傳播)。
19. The third major trend istowardan attitude of indifference. Peopleseem to have forgottenwaysto keep diseases under control.Althoughmedical sciencehad achievedcontrol overseveral dangerous diseases,some are returning. For instance, tuberculosis, once a dangerous killer, was cured. Now the disease is appearingagain.
19、(3)第三個(gè)趨勢(shì)是人們的態(tài)度變得越來越無動(dòng)于衷。人們似乎已經(jīng)忘記了(seem to have forgotten 不定式的完成時(shí)形式)如何控制疾病(to keep diseases under control不定式作定語(yǔ)，修飾ways)。雖然(although)醫(yī)學(xué)早已能夠控制若干危險(xiǎn)的疾病(control over 控制;支配;征服)，有些病卻正在卷土重來(some are returning)。例如(for instance)，曾經(jīng)是危險(xiǎn)殺手(once a dangerous killer)的肺結(jié)核原本已被消滅(was cured)，而現(xiàn)在這種疾病又死灰復(fù)燃了。
20. Nature
20、自然
21. Pollutioncontinuesto affect our forests and water.The bird population is decreasingbecause ofoil spills and spreading cities. Seas and oceans are changing.Treesarecut down, more soilwashesaway, and water qualityis affected.Many of these trees are in our rain forestswhere thick areas of plants and trees, home for many birds andanimals，aredisappearing.
21、污染不斷破壞著我們的森林和水源(continue to do sth.; continue 后接不定式作賓語(yǔ))。由于(because of)海上石油泄漏(oil spills; spill n. 溢出)和城市不斷擴(kuò)大，鳥類的數(shù)量正在減少。海洋在改變，樹木遭砍伐(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);cut-cut-cut;cut down 消減;砍倒;wash away 沖走)，越來越多的泥土被沖走，水質(zhì)(water quality)受到了影響(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))。許多熱帶雨林中的樹木遭到砍伐，那里茂密的(thick)植物和樹木原本是許多鳥類和動(dòng)物的家園，現(xiàn)在卻正在消失。
22. Conclusion
22、結(jié)論
23.Ourchallengesfor this new centuryare clear. The problems ofnumerousinhabitants onthis small planetwill continue to be important toeach of us. These challenges showthatall of usneedtobeinvolved insolving the problems.May wefind new waystoaccomplish the task?
23、在新世紀(jì)中，我們所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是顯而易見的(clear)。在這個(gè)小小星球上(on this small planet)的很多人面對(duì)的問題(the problems of numerous inhabitants; numerousadj. 許多的; inhabitantn. 居民;居住者)仍將是關(guān)系到我們每個(gè)人(each of us)的重大問題。這些挑戰(zhàn)表明，我們所有人(all of us)都必須參與解決這些問題(need to do sth. 需要做某事;be involved in參與，被卷入…中;涉及到…)。但愿我們(may we)能找到新的途徑去完成這一使命(to accomplish the task不定式作定語(yǔ)，修飾new ways)。
關(guān)于本文的兩點(diǎn)說明：
在做“閱讀理解題”時(shí)，需要特別注意but, however,while, although等“轉(zhuǎn)折連詞”，理解它們前、后句子所要表達(dá)的意思。
as在本文中出現(xiàn)了幾種不同用法，as可是考試中的“大熱門”。
conj.(連詞)：因?yàn)?隨著;雖然;當(dāng)…時(shí)
As(隨著)the number of women going to school increases, the growth rate declines. (第5段)
As(隨著)countries around the world trade more with one another, more products areavailable. (第15段)
However, the paper-making processunfortunately damagesthe planetas(因?yàn)?it uses large amounts of water, burns fossil fuels and produces large amountsof chemical waste. (第15段)
Three major health trends existas(當(dāng)…時(shí)候)we begin the new century. (第18段)
prep.(介詞)：當(dāng)作;如同;以…身份
To understand a country’seconomy, economists check growth in an industrysuch as(比如)steel. (第2段)
While natural gas useis increasing，use of coalas fuel(作為燃料)is decreasing.(第13段)
練習(xí)：
1. encounterin the next 1,000 years?
A. What problems will our world B.What problems our world will
2. The production of grain mainly because of climate changes.
A. seems to be decreased B.seems to be decreasing
C. seems to decrease D.seems to is decreasing
3. Natural disasters like storms and floods have washed amany crops.
A. away B. out C. in D. to
4. With less land for cattle and sheep, less meat like beef andlamb .
A. are being produced B.is producing
C. is being produced D.is produced
5.However, the paper-making process unfortunately damagesthe planet it uses large amounts of water, burns fossilfuels and produces large amounts of chemical waste.
A. as B. so C.if D. with
6. Automobile production is down, bicycle production is up.
A. which B. while C. where D.when
7.The third major trend is toward an attitude of .
A.difference B. indifferent C. indifference D. different
8.These challenges showthat all of us solving the problems.
A.need to are involved in B.need to be involved
C.needs to be involved in A.need to be involved in
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