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      2. 職稱英語考試完形填空備考技巧

        時間:2024-10-21 10:24:44 職稱英語 我要投稿
        • 相關推薦

        2017職稱英語考試完形填空備考技巧

          完形填空是職稱英語備考過程中一個很重要的題型,試題難度適中,長度為150詞左右的短文。短文中留出15個空白,每個空白為一題,每題有四個選項。要求考生在全面理解內容的基礎上選擇最佳答案,使短文意思完整、文理通順、結構嚴謹、主題明確。那么怎樣攻破職稱英語考試完形填空題呢?【2017職稱英語考試時間

        2017職稱英語考試完形填空備考技巧

          復習方向:

          完形填空的復習主要以本類別和本級別的完型填空的文章為主,尤其是以本類別和級別新增文章為重點進行復習,然后再去看本類別的非新增文章,如有精力以其他類別的完型填空的文章作為練習訓練去做做。

          一般的解題步驟:

          1.通讀全文。首先要閱讀整篇文章,理解全文內容。同時對全文的語言表達方式,比如文章用的時態、語態、文章的措辭與口氣等方面得出大致印象。

          2.邏輯判斷。在閱讀全篇的基礎上,開始從頭判斷每個空所缺的詞的語言形式,如詞類、時態、語態;并判斷該詞應具有的符合文章上下文的詞義。

          3.理解選擇。從給出的4個選項中,選出在語法與詞義上均與原文相符合的一個。

          拓展閱讀:2017職稱英語考試單詞記憶方法匯總

          一、結合記憶法

          將比較生疏,不常用的單詞放入一定的語言環境——句子中,結合句意來記憶單詞。遇到此單詞時,若詞義忘記,則可通過回憶所在句子的意思來記憶單詞。例如:

          slope

          n. ①傾斜;坡度;斜度

          There is always a certain slope in a ship's deck. 船的甲板總有幾分傾斜。

          ②斜面;斜坡

          We climbed the steep slope of the hill. 我們爬了那座陡峭的斜坡。

          vi. 傾斜。

          The railroad slopes up slightly at this point. 鐵路在此處有輕微的傾斜。

          critical

          adj. ①批評(性)的,吹毛求疵的

          I don't like people who are too critical about everything. 我不喜歡對每件事都太吹毛求疵的人。

          ②緊要的,關鍵的;危急的

          His condition is reported as being very critical. 據報告他的情況非常危急。

          通過此法來掌握詞匯,既有助于記住單詞本身的拼寫、拼讀,又可同時熟悉詞的詞義、詞性、用法和搭配,比孤立地背記單詞效果要好。

          二、同類記憶法

          將同類詞匯收集在一起,同時背記。注意,同類詞匯與同義詞不同:同義詞是指意思相同,而同類詞是指基本屬性相同、具體意義的層次,級別或范圍不同的一類詞匯。

          如headmaster和principal是同義詞,都表示,“中小學校長”;president和chancellor是同義詞,都表示大專院校“校長”。這兩組詞是同類詞匯,都表示“校長”,但具體級別不同,所以兩組詞不是同義詞。

          再如bachelor(學士)、master(碩士),doctor (博士)三個詞都表示學位授予的情況,但具體級別不同,所以這三個詞也是一組同類詞匯。

          這樣,將同類詞匯放在一起記憶,當遇到其中一個詞時,頭腦中出現的就是一組詞,效率大大提高了。

          三、比較記憶法

          把同義詞或形似詞放在一起,加以區別。記憶的過程是一組組,一對對單詞同時記憶。職稱英語中有很大一部分都是對同義詞或近義詞的考察,需要平時進行記憶和積累。

          例題1:The researchers have just completed a study of driving situations.

          A. started

          B. finished

          C. changed

          D. made

          答案:B

          例題2:Michael is now merely a good friend.

          A. largely

          B. possibly

          C. just

          D. rarely

          答案:C

          Merely/ only/ just

          四、構詞法記憶法

          通過掌握構詞法來記憶單詞。英語主要有三種構詞法:

          1)轉化,即由一個詞類轉化為另一個詞類。例如:

          picture (n)畫-picture (v)描繪

          water (n)水-water (v)澆水

          例題1: He has trouble understanding that other people judge him by his social skills and conduct.

          A. behavior

          B. style

          C. mode

          D. attitude

          答案:A

          解釋:

          Conduct (v.)引導,管理,為人,傳導

          Conduct (n.)操守,行為

          Conductor (n.)列車員,售票員,指揮者,導體等

          Semi-conductor 半導體

          例題2:The ice is not thick enough to bear the weight of a tank.(2004年職稱英語衛生類C級)

          A. suffer

          B. accept

          C. receive

          D. endure

          答案:D

          解釋:

          bear (n.)熊

          bear (v.)負擔, 忍受, 帶給, 具有, 擠

          2)派生,即通過加前綴或后綴構成另一個詞,例如:

          happy→ unhappy(加前綴) happiness(加后綴)

          例題1: The workers in that factory manufacture furniture. (2003年職稱英語衛生類C級)

          A. promote

          B. paint

          C. polish

          D. produce

          答案:D

          例題2: Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is a still needed. (2003年職稱英語衛生類C級)

          A. mental

          B. physical

          C. natural

          D. hard

          答案:B

          man-, manu- =hand

          manage(管理), manual(體力的,手冊), manuscript(手寫稿), manufacture(生產), manumit(釋放)

          例題3:About one million Americans are diagnosed,annually with skin cancer. (2004年職稱英語衛生類C級)

          A. every year

          B. severely

          C. actively

          D. every month

          答案:A

          Ann= year

          Anniversaire (French)

          Anniversary, annals(編年史), annuity(年金)

          3)合成,即由兩個或更多的詞合成一個詞。例如:

          wood(木) cut(刻)→ woodcut(木刻)

          pea(豌豆) nuts(堅果)→ peanut(花生)

          例題1: In the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed.

          A. judgement

          B. result

          C. decision

          D. event

          答案:B

          五、根義記憶法

          利用根義代替記憶多義,可以解決“沒有生詞”卻老讀不懂的問題。

          比如要問immediate(ly)是否已記住,回答當然是肯定的。那么就請看下面三個“沒有生詞”的片段:

          a) The woman walks immediately behind the car.

          b) She is my immediate neighbor.

          c) the immediate cause

          若沒有讀懂,那么就請看immediate(ly)根義

          中間沒有間隔(地)

          1)(時間)立刻;

          2)(空間)緊挨,通接,緊跟,

          3)(關系)直接

          例題1:He will leave immediately.

          A. far away

          B. right away

          C. right here

          D. soon

          答案:B

          例題2:Can you follow the plot?

          A. change (www.yingyukaoshi.com0

          B. investigate

          C. understand

          D. write

          答案:C

          請看下面幾句中的follow 分別都是什么意思?

          She went into the building, followed by a group of students.

          The teacher says that everybody should follow the rule here.

          I'm sorry, but I can't follow you.

          六、幾組對容易混淆詞進行特別記憶

          (1)有些字可當形容詞又可當副詞,例如: early; past; half; long; straight; fast; hard; quick; deep; slow; pretty; awful; wrong; right; high; late; hourly; early; weekly; etc.

          We had an early breakfast. (形容詞)

          We went by a fast train. (形容詞)

          We had breakfast early. (副詞)

          Don't speak so fast.(副詞)

          (2)有些形容詞變為副詞, 可在字尾加ly, 也可以不加, 不過在字義上不同。

          (A) easy “安適地”; easily “容易地”:

          Stand easy!

          He's not easily satisfied.

          (B) clear ( = completely “完全地”; clearly“顯然地”;)

          The bullet went clear through the door.

          The thieves got clearly away.

          (C) high “高”; highly “很;非常”;

          The birds are flying high.

          He was highly praised for his work.

          (D) Slow 和 slowly當副詞時同義, 但 slow比 slowly語氣強.

          I told the driver to go slow(er).

          Drive slowly round these bends in the road.

          (E) hard “辛苦地”; hardly “幾乎不”;

          He works hard. (= He is a hard worker.)

          He hardly does anything nowadays. (= He does very little nowadays.)

          (F) just “剛才;僅”; justly “公正地”;

          I've just seen him.

          He was justly punished.

          (G) late “遲”; lately (= recently)“最近地”;

          He went to bed late.

          I haven't seen Mr. Green lately.

          (H) Pretty (= fairly, moderately)“十分,頗”; prettily (= in a pretty way, attractively)“漂亮地”;

          The situation seems pretty hopeless.

          She was prettily dressed.

        【職稱英語考試完形填空備考技巧】相關文章:

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            2017職稱英語考試完形填空備考技巧

              完形填空是職稱英語備考過程中一個很重要的題型,試題難度適中,長度為150詞左右的短文。短文中留出15個空白,每個空白為一題,每題有四個選項。要求考生在全面理解內容的基礎上選擇最佳答案,使短文意思完整、文理通順、結構嚴謹、主題明確。那么怎樣攻破職稱英語考試完形填空題呢?【2017職稱英語考試時間

            2017職稱英語考試完形填空備考技巧

              復習方向:

              完形填空的復習主要以本類別和本級別的完型填空的文章為主,尤其是以本類別和級別新增文章為重點進行復習,然后再去看本類別的非新增文章,如有精力以其他類別的完型填空的文章作為練習訓練去做做。

              一般的解題步驟:

              1.通讀全文。首先要閱讀整篇文章,理解全文內容。同時對全文的語言表達方式,比如文章用的時態、語態、文章的措辭與口氣等方面得出大致印象。

              2.邏輯判斷。在閱讀全篇的基礎上,開始從頭判斷每個空所缺的詞的語言形式,如詞類、時態、語態;并判斷該詞應具有的符合文章上下文的詞義。

              3.理解選擇。從給出的4個選項中,選出在語法與詞義上均與原文相符合的一個。

              拓展閱讀:2017職稱英語考試單詞記憶方法匯總

              一、結合記憶法

              將比較生疏,不常用的單詞放入一定的語言環境——句子中,結合句意來記憶單詞。遇到此單詞時,若詞義忘記,則可通過回憶所在句子的意思來記憶單詞。例如:

              slope

              n. ①傾斜;坡度;斜度

              There is always a certain slope in a ship's deck. 船的甲板總有幾分傾斜。

              ②斜面;斜坡

              We climbed the steep slope of the hill. 我們爬了那座陡峭的斜坡。

              vi. 傾斜。

              The railroad slopes up slightly at this point. 鐵路在此處有輕微的傾斜。

              critical

              adj. ①批評(性)的,吹毛求疵的

              I don't like people who are too critical about everything. 我不喜歡對每件事都太吹毛求疵的人。

              ②緊要的,關鍵的;危急的

              His condition is reported as being very critical. 據報告他的情況非常危急。

              通過此法來掌握詞匯,既有助于記住單詞本身的拼寫、拼讀,又可同時熟悉詞的詞義、詞性、用法和搭配,比孤立地背記單詞效果要好。

              二、同類記憶法

              將同類詞匯收集在一起,同時背記。注意,同類詞匯與同義詞不同:同義詞是指意思相同,而同類詞是指基本屬性相同、具體意義的層次,級別或范圍不同的一類詞匯。

              如headmaster和principal是同義詞,都表示,“中小學校長”;president和chancellor是同義詞,都表示大專院校“校長”。這兩組詞是同類詞匯,都表示“校長”,但具體級別不同,所以兩組詞不是同義詞。

              再如bachelor(學士)、master(碩士),doctor (博士)三個詞都表示學位授予的情況,但具體級別不同,所以這三個詞也是一組同類詞匯。

              這樣,將同類詞匯放在一起記憶,當遇到其中一個詞時,頭腦中出現的就是一組詞,效率大大提高了。

              三、比較記憶法

              把同義詞或形似詞放在一起,加以區別。記憶的過程是一組組,一對對單詞同時記憶。職稱英語中有很大一部分都是對同義詞或近義詞的考察,需要平時進行記憶和積累。

              例題1:The researchers have just completed a study of driving situations.

              A. started

              B. finished

              C. changed

              D. made

              答案:B

              例題2:Michael is now merely a good friend.

              A. largely

              B. possibly

              C. just

              D. rarely

              答案:C

              Merely/ only/ just

              四、構詞法記憶法

              通過掌握構詞法來記憶單詞。英語主要有三種構詞法:

              1)轉化,即由一個詞類轉化為另一個詞類。例如:

              picture (n)畫-picture (v)描繪

              water (n)水-water (v)澆水

              例題1: He has trouble understanding that other people judge him by his social skills and conduct.

              A. behavior

              B. style

              C. mode

              D. attitude

              答案:A

              解釋:

              Conduct (v.)引導,管理,為人,傳導

              Conduct (n.)操守,行為

              Conductor (n.)列車員,售票員,指揮者,導體等

              Semi-conductor 半導體

              例題2:The ice is not thick enough to bear the weight of a tank.(2004年職稱英語衛生類C級)

              A. suffer

              B. accept

              C. receive

              D. endure

              答案:D

              解釋:

              bear (n.)熊

              bear (v.)負擔, 忍受, 帶給, 具有, 擠

              2)派生,即通過加前綴或后綴構成另一個詞,例如:

              happy→ unhappy(加前綴) happiness(加后綴)

              例題1: The workers in that factory manufacture furniture. (2003年職稱英語衛生類C級)

              A. promote

              B. paint

              C. polish

              D. produce

              答案:D

              例題2: Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is a still needed. (2003年職稱英語衛生類C級)

              A. mental

              B. physical

              C. natural

              D. hard

              答案:B

              man-, manu- =hand

              manage(管理), manual(體力的,手冊), manuscript(手寫稿), manufacture(生產), manumit(釋放)

              例題3:About one million Americans are diagnosed,annually with skin cancer. (2004年職稱英語衛生類C級)

              A. every year

              B. severely

              C. actively

              D. every month

              答案:A

              Ann= year

              Anniversaire (French)

              Anniversary, annals(編年史), annuity(年金)

              3)合成,即由兩個或更多的詞合成一個詞。例如:

              wood(木) cut(刻)→ woodcut(木刻)

              pea(豌豆) nuts(堅果)→ peanut(花生)

              例題1: In the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed.

              A. judgement

              B. result

              C. decision

              D. event

              答案:B

              五、根義記憶法

              利用根義代替記憶多義,可以解決“沒有生詞”卻老讀不懂的問題。

              比如要問immediate(ly)是否已記住,回答當然是肯定的。那么就請看下面三個“沒有生詞”的片段:

              a) The woman walks immediately behind the car.

              b) She is my immediate neighbor.

              c) the immediate cause

              若沒有讀懂,那么就請看immediate(ly)根義

              中間沒有間隔(地)

              1)(時間)立刻;

              2)(空間)緊挨,通接,緊跟,

              3)(關系)直接

              例題1:He will leave immediately.

              A. far away

              B. right away

              C. right here

              D. soon

              答案:B

              例題2:Can you follow the plot?

              A. change (www.yingyukaoshi.com0

              B. investigate

              C. understand

              D. write

              答案:C

              請看下面幾句中的follow 分別都是什么意思?

              She went into the building, followed by a group of students.

              The teacher says that everybody should follow the rule here.

              I'm sorry, but I can't follow you.

              六、幾組對容易混淆詞進行特別記憶

              (1)有些字可當形容詞又可當副詞,例如: early; past; half; long; straight; fast; hard; quick; deep; slow; pretty; awful; wrong; right; high; late; hourly; early; weekly; etc.

              We had an early breakfast. (形容詞)

              We went by a fast train. (形容詞)

              We had breakfast early. (副詞)

              Don't speak so fast.(副詞)

              (2)有些形容詞變為副詞, 可在字尾加ly, 也可以不加, 不過在字義上不同。

              (A) easy “安適地”; easily “容易地”:

              Stand easy!

              He's not easily satisfied.

              (B) clear ( = completely “完全地”; clearly“顯然地”;)

              The bullet went clear through the door.

              The thieves got clearly away.

              (C) high “高”; highly “很;非常”;

              The birds are flying high.

              He was highly praised for his work.

              (D) Slow 和 slowly當副詞時同義, 但 slow比 slowly語氣強.

              I told the driver to go slow(er).

              Drive slowly round these bends in the road.

              (E) hard “辛苦地”; hardly “幾乎不”;

              He works hard. (= He is a hard worker.)

              He hardly does anything nowadays. (= He does very little nowadays.)

              (F) just “剛才;僅”; justly “公正地”;

              I've just seen him.

              He was justly punished.

              (G) late “遲”; lately (= recently)“最近地”;

              He went to bed late.

              I haven't seen Mr. Green lately.

              (H) Pretty (= fairly, moderately)“十分,頗”; prettily (= in a pretty way, attractively)“漂亮地”;

              The situation seems pretty hopeless.

              She was prettily dressed.

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