2017職稱英語考試完形填空備考技巧
完形填空是職稱英語備考過程中一個很重要的題型,試題難度適中,長度為150詞左右的短文。短文中留出15個空白,每個空白為一題,每題有四個選項。要求考生在全面理解內容的基礎上選擇最佳答案,使短文意思完整、文理通順、結構嚴謹、主題明確。那么怎樣攻破職稱英語考試完形填空題呢?【2017職稱英語考試時間】
復習方向:
完形填空的復習主要以本類別和本級別的完型填空的文章為主,尤其是以本類別和級別新增文章為重點進行復習,然后再去看本類別的非新增文章,如有精力以其他類別的完型填空的文章作為練習訓練去做做。
一般的解題步驟:
1.通讀全文。首先要閱讀整篇文章,理解全文內容。同時對全文的`語言表達方式,比如文章用的時態、語態、文章的措辭與口氣等方面得出大致印象。
2.邏輯判斷。在閱讀全篇的基礎上,開始從頭判斷每個空所缺的詞的語言形式,如詞類、時態、語態;并判斷該詞應具有的符合文章上下文的詞義。
3.理解選擇。從給出的4個選項中,選出在語法與詞義上均與原文相符合的一個。
拓展閱讀:2017職稱英語考試單詞記憶方法匯總
一、結合記憶法
將比較生疏,不常用的單詞放入一定的語言環境——句子中,結合句意來記憶單詞。遇到此單詞時,若詞義忘記,則可通過回憶所在句子的意思來記憶單詞。例如:
slope
n. ①傾斜;坡度;斜度
There is always a certain slope in a ship's deck. 船的甲板總有幾分傾斜。
、谛泵;斜坡
We climbed the steep slope of the hill. 我們爬了那座陡峭的斜坡。
vi. 傾斜。
The railroad slopes up slightly at this point. 鐵路在此處有輕微的傾斜。
critical
adj. ①批評(性)的,吹毛求疵的
I don't like people who are too critical about everything. 我不喜歡對每件事都太吹毛求疵的人。
②緊要的,關鍵的;危急的
His condition is reported as being very critical. 據報告他的情況非常危急。
通過此法來掌握詞匯,既有助于記住單詞本身的拼寫、拼讀,又可同時熟悉詞的詞義、詞性、用法和搭配,比孤立地背記單詞效果要好。
二、同類記憶法
將同類詞匯收集在一起,同時背記。注意,同類詞匯與同義詞不同:同義詞是指意思相同,而同類詞是指基本屬性相同、具體意義的層次,級別或范圍不同的一類詞匯。
如headmaster和principal是同義詞,都表示,“中小學校長”;president和chancellor是同義詞,都表示大專院校“校長”。這兩組詞是同類詞匯,都表示“校長”,但具體級別不同,所以兩組詞不是同義詞。
再如bachelor(學士)、master(碩士),doctor (博士)三個詞都表示學位授予的情況,但具體級別不同,所以這三個詞也是一組同類詞匯。
這樣,將同類詞匯放在一起記憶,當遇到其中一個詞時,頭腦中出現的就是一組詞,效率大大提高了。
三、比較記憶法
把同義詞或形似詞放在一起,加以區別。記憶的過程是一組組,一對對單詞同時記憶。職稱英語中有很大一部分都是對同義詞或近義詞的考察,需要平時進行記憶和積累。
例題1:The researchers have just completed a study of driving situations.
A. started
B. finished
C. changed
D. made
答案:B
例題2:Michael is now merely a good friend.
A. largely
B. possibly
C. just
D. rarely
答案:C
Merely/ only/ just
四、構詞法記憶法
通過掌握構詞法來記憶單詞。英語主要有三種構詞法:
1)轉化,即由一個詞類轉化為另一個詞類。例如:
picture (n)畫-picture (v)描繪
water (n)水-water (v)澆水
例題1: He has trouble understanding that other people judge him by his social skills and conduct.
A. behavior
B. style
C. mode
D. attitude
答案:A
解釋:
Conduct (v.)引導,管理,為人,傳導
Conduct (n.)操守,行為
Conductor (n.)列車員,售票員,指揮者,導體等
Semi-conductor 半導體
例題2:The ice is not thick enough to bear the weight of a tank.(2004年職稱英語衛生類C級)
A. suffer
B. accept
C. receive
D. endure
答案:D
解釋:
bear (n.)熊
bear (v.)負擔, 忍受, 帶給, 具有, 擠
2)派生,即通過加前綴或后綴構成另一個詞,例如:
happy→ unhappy(加前綴) happiness(加后綴)
例題1: The workers in that factory manufacture furniture. (2003年職稱英語衛生類C級)
A. promote
B. paint
C. polish
D. produce
答案:D
例題2: Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is a still needed. (2003年職稱英語衛生類C級)
A. mental
B. physical
C. natural
D. hard
答案:B
man-, manu- =hand
manage(管理), manual(體力的,手冊), manuscript(手寫稿), manufacture(生產), manumit(釋放)
例題3:About one million Americans are diagnosed,annually with skin cancer. (2004年職稱英語衛生類C級)
A. every year
B. severely
C. actively
D. every month
答案:A
Ann= year
Anniversaire (French)
Anniversary, annals(編年史), annuity(年金)
3)合成,即由兩個或更多的詞合成一個詞。例如:
wood(木) cut(刻)→ woodcut(木刻)
pea(豌豆) nuts(堅果)→ peanut(花生)
例題1: In the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed.
A. judgement
B. result
C. decision
D. event
答案:B
五、根義記憶法
利用根義代替記憶多義,可以解決“沒有生詞”卻老讀不懂的問題。
比如要問immediate(ly)是否已記住,回答當然是肯定的。那么就請看下面三個“沒有生詞”的片段:
a) The woman walks immediately behind the car.
b) She is my immediate neighbor.
c) the immediate cause
若沒有讀懂,那么就請看immediate(ly)根義
中間沒有間隔(地)
1)(時間)立刻;
2)(空間)緊挨,通接,緊跟,
3)(關系)直接
例題1:He will leave immediately.
A. far away
B. right away
C. right here
D. soon
答案:B
例題2:Can you follow the plot?
A. change (www.yingyukaoshi.com0
B. investigate
C. understand
D. write
答案:C
請看下面幾句中的follow 分別都是什么意思?
She went into the building, followed by a group of students.
The teacher says that everybody should follow the rule here.
I'm sorry, but I can't follow you.
六、幾組對容易混淆詞進行特別記憶
(1)有些字可當形容詞又可當副詞,例如: early; past; half; long; straight; fast; hard; quick; deep; slow; pretty; awful; wrong; right; high; late; hourly; early; weekly; etc.
We had an early breakfast. (形容詞)
We went by a fast train. (形容詞)
We had breakfast early. (副詞)
Don't speak so fast.(副詞)
(2)有些形容詞變為副詞, 可在字尾加ly, 也可以不加, 不過在字義上不同。
(A) easy “安適地”; easily “容易地”:
Stand easy!
He's not easily satisfied.
(B) clear ( = completely “完全地”; clearly“顯然地”;)
The bullet went clear through the door.
The thieves got clearly away.
(C) high “高”; highly “很;非常”;
The birds are flying high.
He was highly praised for his work.
(D) Slow 和 slowly當副詞時同義, 但 slow比 slowly語氣強.
I told the driver to go slow(er).
Drive slowly round these bends in the road.
(E) hard “辛苦地”; hardly “幾乎不”;
He works hard. (= He is a hard worker.)
He hardly does anything nowadays. (= He does very little nowadays.)
(F) just “剛才;僅”; justly “公正地”;
I've just seen him.
He was justly punished.
(G) late “遲”; lately (= recently)“最近地”;
He went to bed late.
I haven't seen Mr. Green lately.
(H) Pretty (= fairly, moderately)“十分,頗”; prettily (= in a pretty way, attractively)“漂亮地”;
The situation seems pretty hopeless.
She was prettily dressed.
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