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2016中考英語完形填空重難點(diǎn)與高頻詞匯
完形填空通常是同學(xué)們較難把握的題型之一，失分率較高。下面是YJBYS小編為大家搜索整理的關(guān)于完形填空重難點(diǎn)與高頻詞匯，歡迎參考練習(xí)，希望對(duì)大家備考有所幫助!想了解更多相關(guān)信息請(qǐng)持續(xù)關(guān)注我們應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生培訓(xùn)網(wǎng)!
重點(diǎn)在哪?
1、詞匯
完形填空考查的詞匯以實(shí)詞為主——名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞等，比重極大，且有逐年增加的趨勢(shì)。詞匯考查當(dāng)然也包括短語及一些固定搭配。從近幾年北京中考的完形填空中可以看出, 完形填空的考查重理解、輕語法，這也是適應(yīng)英語學(xué)習(xí)注重實(shí)際應(yīng)用的要求，所以詞匯部分是北京中考英語完形填空考查的重中之重。
2、邏輯
考查對(duì)篇章的整體理解、上下文段落的銜接、邏輯思維與判斷推理能力。增加了考查連詞的題，涉及考生對(duì)于行文邏輯的掌握及文句之間關(guān)聯(lián)的理解。選項(xiàng)所在的句子與上下文構(gòu)成并列、選擇、轉(zhuǎn)折、指代、列舉、因果、比較、對(duì)比、讓步、遞進(jìn)等邏輯關(guān)系，這些邏輯關(guān)系是得出正確答案的重要線索。 常見的表示并列關(guān)系的and， 選擇關(guān)系的or，轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的but, however, yet, instead, while，指代關(guān)系的do, so, one, ones, this, that, those, he, it, they，等等，它們表明了句子之間的關(guān)系，幫助我們選出正確的選項(xiàng)。
3、情感
考查同學(xué)們把握作者情感的能力，要從作者的角度想問題，從文章整體把握情感脈絡(luò)，真正理解了作者所想，才會(huì)提高做題的正確率。
難點(diǎn)在哪
1、熟詞生義
顧名思義，熟詞生義指的是考查熟悉單詞的陌生含義。比如2012年北京中考英語完形填空考查了tie這個(gè)詞，大家都知道tie名詞有“領(lǐng)帶、聯(lián)系”的意思，動(dòng)詞是“系、捆綁”的意思，而12年卻考了“打成平局”這一生僻含義。再如2014年西城一模考了voice這個(gè)詞，voice常見的意思是“嗓音”，而考試中卻考查了它的動(dòng)詞詞義“說出、表達(dá)”。還有2015年海淀一模考查了picture這個(gè)詞，乍一看非常簡(jiǎn)單，名詞是“圖畫、照片”的意思，但是這么簡(jiǎn)單的意思肯定不會(huì)考，真正考查的是它“想象、描繪”之意。從以上例子中可以看出，同學(xué)們平時(shí)在背單詞時(shí)，必須要把一個(gè)單詞的多種詞性和詞義都要記牢才行。
2、詞義與詞形的辨析
主要集中在對(duì)實(shí)詞的考察。選項(xiàng)之間構(gòu)成同義詞、反義詞或形近詞的關(guān)系。有時(shí)也借助選項(xiàng)，考查同學(xué)們對(duì)某些單詞詞義的精確理解。詞義的辨析通常都要通過上下文語義的聯(lián)系才能得出正確答案，此外對(duì)文章主題的把握也是關(guān)鍵。
高頻詞匯
動(dòng)詞類
1、看”
look看的動(dòng)作/ see看的結(jié)果;watch觀察;observe為了研究進(jìn)行的觀察;notice注意;catch sight of看見;stare好奇地看; glare瞪著看;Glance瞅見;glimpse瞥見 see a film;watch TV
2、“說”
telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth告訴的內(nèi)容; talk with sb about sth強(qiáng)調(diào)說話者之間的交流; say sth訴說的內(nèi)容;speak in English說的語言 whisper sth to sb 耳語;Inform sb of sth 通知某人某事;reason /talk/persuade sb into doing sth 說服某人做某事;Bargain討價(jià)還價(jià);chat聊天;repeat重復(fù);explain解釋;warn警告; remind提醒; discuss 討論;debate辯論;figure指出;declare宣布;claim自稱;mention 提起;admit承認(rèn);deny 否絕;describe描述; announce公布; introduce介紹;complain抱怨
3、“叫”
cry哭叫;call叫;shout大喊;scream尖叫;moan呻吟;sigh嘆氣 quarrel大吵
4、“問”
ask 詢問 interview 采訪 express表達(dá);question審問
5、“答”
answer回答;respond回應(yīng)(用其他方式回應(yīng));reply回復(fù)
6、 “聽”
listen to聽的動(dòng)作;hear聽的結(jié)果;pick up收聽;overhear無意聽到
7、“寫”
dictate聽寫;write sth 寫 describe描寫;drop a line 寫信 draw畫
take down/write down寫下，記下
8、“拿/放”
take拿走;bring拿來;hold舉著;carry扛，挑 (無方向性) fetch拿來拿去;lift舉;Put放 lay 鋪/放置;pull拉/push推
9、“抓”
take hold of 抓著 seize緊抓;grasp 握住;scratch 摳
10、“打”
hit一次性的打擊;beat不間斷的打擊;strike突然的擊打/突然想到;blow吹刮;attack攻擊
11 “扔”
throw扔;drop掉 放棄 錯(cuò)過;fall 倒下無意掉下來;wave 招手;shake搖
12 “送”
send寄送; deliver遞送;give給;offer 主動(dòng)給予;see off給某人送行
13“摸/抱”
touch摸 ;fold折疊;embrace擁抱;hug抱;hold 握
14“踢/碰”
kick踢;knock敲;tip 輕敲
15“行”
walk走; run跑; climb爬; jump跳; skip 單腿跳; slip溜; come/go enter進(jìn)入; move搬遷; drive開車; ride 騎;fly 飛 ; crawl 匍匐前進(jìn)
16“坐”
sit down / be seated /seat oneself 坐下; take a seat/ stand站，聳立/ lean斜靠
17“睡/休息”
lie /on one’s back/ on one side/ on one’s stomach stay in bed have a rest
take a nap打盹 be asleep bend turn over翻身 rest
18“笑”
smile 微笑(不出聲); laugh /burst into laughter / burst out laughing 笑
19“哭”
cry / burst into tears /burst out crying
shed tears 留淚; weep嗚咽地哭; sob抽泣;
20“找/查”
find找到; look for正在找過程; find out查明; discover/explore 發(fā)現(xiàn)/探索;hunt for / search for / seek / seek for / in search of尋找;Search sb 搜身 ; search sp. for sth 為某物而搜尋某地;Check檢查，核實(shí) ; examine 考察發(fā)現(xiàn)問題/體檢; test檢測(cè)，檢驗(yàn); inspect視察
21“穿”
put on 動(dòng)作; wear穿戴; have on試穿; be dressed in 穿的狀態(tài); make-up化裝; get changed換衣服; be in red;身穿紅衣服 take off 脫; remove 去除
22“吃/喝”
eat/drink; sip吮吸; have a meal 吃飯;have supper吃晚飯; toast 喝酒;taste treat sb to請(qǐng)某人吃;help oneself to 隨便吃
23“得”
get / obtain/ acquire獲得知識(shí)和技能;gain/possess
24“失”
lose 丟了; be lost /be missing人錯(cuò)過失蹤，不見; gone不見(物;) get lost走丟; die off相繼死去; die away 逐漸消失
25“有”
have 有; own是自己的 ; conquer征服; occupy占有=possess
26“無”
nothing left; the remaining thing;disappear; be missing /gone丟了，不見了
27“增/減”
rise / go up /drop ; 人主動(dòng)抬價(jià) raise /bring down /reduce increase/decrease
28“買/賣”
buy /purchase / afford / pay / pay off/ pay for / sell / on sale / bargain
Bill / cheque / cash/ credit card notes/ coins discounts
29“存在/消失”
come into being / exist / appear / survive / live / show / turn up
disappear / die / die out / pass away / be out of sight
30“變化”
develop / improve / become / grow / go+ bad /wrong/ sour /without( negative adj.)
turn + colour
change /change into
reform
31 認(rèn)識(shí)的過程
feel sense guess suppose wonder doubt know /learn realize
Understand remember be familiar with recall recite apply to
32 成功/失敗
make it succeed make progress come true realize one’s dream win
Lose fail to do failure defeat suffer loss beat turn sth. Into reality
33 努力
try /manage make efforts attempt do ones best do as much as one can to do
34 祝賀
congratulations on sb celebrate observe 慶祝 get together 聚會(huì)
35 贊美/批評(píng)
praise think highly of / blame sb for sth/ sb is to blame
criticize /scold sb. for sth. have a low opinion of sb Speak ill of
36 喜/惡
like love be fond of be keen on be crazy about adore be into prefer enjoy in favor of Dislike hate be awful/disgusting ignore turn off
37 判斷
think believe consider find feel conclude infer doubt
38 到達(dá)
arrive at reach return to get to stay in sp visit leave leave for
on one’s way to upon one’s arrival on doing sth
39 受傷
hurt injured wound cut kill drown bleed get burnt suffer from suffer a loss
40 損壞
damage destroy ruin break down be broken crash
41修復(fù)
repair rebuild restore fix recover oneself
42支持/反對(duì)
agree disagree accept receive refuse turn down
be against elect vote for/ against
43 做飯
cook wash cut chop boil fry steam make mix clean brush cover uncover cooker
44 建議
advise suggest recommend urge propose demand persuade 說服
45 花費(fèi)
sth/doing sth+cost sb+spend+ in doing sth Sb+afford +n/to do sth
It +take some time/ money/energy +to do sth sb+ pay+$ for sth. at one’s expense
46 省/存錢
save /save up set aside put away spare no effort/ time
47 參加
take part in join /join in attend compete in/ for/against
48 控告
accuse sb. of charge sb. With
49 救治
help /help out save /rescue sb from sth. Treat過程 / cure 結(jié)果sb. Of sth
Aid sb in doing sth / to do sth help sb with sth assist sb in doing sth
50 敬佩
admire respect show respect for/to adore envy /be jealousy in honor of
名詞類
1、假期
vacation holiday spring break ask for leave be on holiday have two days off
2、旅游
trip journey tour voyage travel tourist passenger go camping/picnicking/hiking
3、職務(wù)人員
clerk secretary passer-by friend minister manager waitress guest host hostess
Assistant customer adult neighbor relative patient /vet staff crew nurse teacher
Conductor tailor sailor inventor gardener guard
4、餐館/定餐/就餐
inn旅店 restaurant kitchen menu bill order tip fork and knife reserve /book table Taste delicious salad dash vegetables fruit tray 茶盤 napkin
5、診所/看病/服藥
clinic hospital take one's temperature take medicine/pills have a fever/flu/headache doctor physician surgeon specialist patient
6、車站/機(jī)場(chǎng)
airport on board miss the train/bus catch a train meet sb.
7、身體部位
arm head hair brain waist back shoulder pulse wrist
8、意志
will courage patience determination faith effort confidence ambition energy
9、才能/品質(zhì)
talent gift ability potential intelligent promising smart stupid careful proud
Strict honest cold serious easy-going learned knowledgeable
10、優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)
advantage disadvantage strength weakness
11、目標(biāo) aim goal intention purpose belief faith
12、方式 means method way manner approach
13、身體素質(zhì) strong weak pale sick ill be well keep slim/ fit cut weight/put on weight
14、圖表 photo picture graph drawing table line/bar graph pie chart draw a sketch 劃草圖
15、文章 reading translation essay poem paper novel/fiction article magazine newspaper journal 日志 diary日記 Files form make a list of
16、課堂 class course lecture example reason message notes words phrase scholarship degree Subject question trouble difficulty grades read comment marks
17 、學(xué)校活動(dòng) match game activity hold a meeting /debate /speech/ ceremony
18、 建議/觀點(diǎn) advice suggestion idea proposal view recommandation
19 、氣候/天氣 climate weather storm windy cloudy rainy snow hot/cold/freezing/heat/warmth
20 、交通 by train/bus /boat bike on the train/bus /a bike drive a car ride a bike give sb. a lift/ride
21 、習(xí)慣 habit custom get used to regular有規(guī)律的(形容詞) practice慣例(名詞)
22 、感覺 sight hearing touch smell sense
23、 情感 feeling emotion anger delight sadness sorrow
24 、財(cái)富 money possessions wealth belongings fortunes treasure diamond be rich/well-off
25 、運(yùn)動(dòng)比賽 on the playground on the track and filed pitch event game match sports player Coach judge jogging weightlifting play volleyball/soccer/
26 、衣服 clothes, cloth, clothing clothes統(tǒng)指各種衣服，謂語動(dòng)詞永遠(yuǎn)是復(fù)數(shù)， cloth指布，為不可數(shù)名詞 clothing 服裝的總稱，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of
27、事件 incident, accident incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故
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