小升初英語易錯題詳解

小升初英語易錯題詳解

　　在小升初英語的考試中，有些試題，是學生們經常都會做錯的，下面小編就將這些易錯題整理了出來，以供大家參考，希望能對大家有所幫助!

　　1.Because he was ill yesterday, so he didn't go to work. (×)

　　Because he was ill yesterday, he didn't go to work. (√)

　　He was ill yesterday, so he didn't go to work. (√)

　　[析] 用though, but表示"雖然……，但是…… "或用because, so 表示"因為……，所以……"時，though和but 及because和so 都只能擇一而用，不能兩者同時使用。

　　2.The Smiths have moved Beijing. (×)

　　The Smiths have moved to Beijing. (√)

　　[析] 不及物動詞后接名詞或代詞作賓語時，要在動詞之后加上適當的介詞;但不及物動詞后接home, here, there等副詞作賓語時，動詞之后不必加任何介詞。

　　3.The box is too heavy for him to carry it. (×)

　　The box is too heavy for him to carry. (√)

　　[析] the box既是這句話的主語, 也是不定式to carry的邏輯賓語，若句末再加上it，就和the box重復了。

　　4.Each of the boys have a pen. (×)

　　Each of the boys has a pen. (√)

　　[析] 復數名詞前有表個體的each of, one of, every，either of等詞組修飾，或有表否定的neither of, none of 等詞組修飾時，謂語動詞要用單數形式。

　　5.例:那是你心軟!我不就是一個例子嗎?

　　Neither he nor you is good at English. (×)

　　Neither he nor you are good at English. (√)

　　[析] either... or..., neither... nor..., not only..., but also... 等詞組連接句子的兩個主語時，謂語動詞遵循"就近一致原則", 即由靠近謂語的那個主語決定謂語的人稱和數用何種形式。

　　6.Ten minus three are seven. (×)

　　Ten minus three is seven. (√)

　　[析] 用英語表示加(plus)、減(minus)等數學運算時，謂語動詞也用單數形式。

　　7.The number of the workers in this factory are about 5,000. (×)

　　The number of the workers in this factory is about 5,000. (√)

　　[析] the number of表示"……的數量"，謂語動詞用單數形式;a number of 的意思是"若干"或"許多"，相當于some或a lot of，和復數名詞連用，謂語動詞用復數形式。

　　8. 例. Hello! I have important something to tell you. (×)

　　Hello! I have something important to tell you. (√)

　　[析] 形容詞或動詞不定式修飾不定代詞作定語時，修飾成分要置于不定代詞之后。

　　9. His son is enough old to go to school. (×)

　　His son is old enough to go to school. (√)

　　[析] enough作形容詞修飾名詞時，可以放在名詞前，也可放在名詞后;作副詞修飾形容詞或副詞時，只能放在形容詞或副詞之后。

　　10.. Here is your sweater, put away it.(×)

　　Here is your sweater, put it away. (√)

　　[析] put away, pick up, put on等"動詞+副詞"構成的詞組后接代詞作賓語時，代詞只能放在動詞和副詞之間。

　　11. Look! Here the bus comes.(×)

　　Look! Here comes the bus.(√)

　　[析] 在以here, there引起的陳述句中，若句子的主語是名詞，要用倒裝語序，即用"Here /There+動詞+名詞"結構;但主語若是代詞時，則不用倒裝語序, 即用"Here/There +代詞+動詞"結構。

　　12. I do well in playing football, _______. (我妹妹也行。)A. so my sister does(×)B. so does my sister(√)

　　Li Lei is really a football fan. --- _______. (確實這樣.) A. So is he(×) B. So he is(√)

　　[析] "so+be動詞/助動詞+主語"的倒裝結構表示前面所述情況也適用于后者，意為"……也是這樣";"so+主語+be動詞/助動詞"的陳述結構表示對前述情況的肯定，意為"……確實如此"。

　　13.重慶比中國的其他城市都大。

　　Chongqing is larger than any city in China. (×)Chongqing is larger than any other city in China. (√)

　　[析] "any city in China"包括了重慶這座城市, 同一事物自己與自己不能做比較，只有在city 前加上other才能表示重慶和中國的其它城市比較大小。

　　The weather in Guangzhou is warmer than Beijing. (×)

　　The weather in Guangzhou is warmer than that in Beijing . (√)

　　[析] 表示比較時，句子中的兩個比較對象必須一致，不同的比較對象不能做比較。錯誤句的比較對象分別為the weather in Guangzhou和Beijing，這兩個不同類的事物之間不能做比較。

　　14, His sister married with a teacher last summer.(×)

　　His sister married a teacher last summer. (√)

　　[析] 表達"A和B結婚"，要用A married/will marry B。這時務必要避免受漢語影響使用A married/will marry with B。

　　15. 例There is going to have a film tonight. (×)

　　There is going to be a film tonight. (√)

　　[析] 一般將來時用在 There be 句式中時，be going to或will之后的動詞原形只能用be,也就是說要用There is (are) going to be.... / There will be....。

　　16. 例I'll go hiking if it won't rain next Sunday. (×)

　　I'll go hiking if it doesn't rain next Sunday.(√)

　　[析] 習慣上在含有時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句的復合句中，如果主句的謂語動詞用了一般將來時，從句的謂語動詞要用一般現在時表示將來的動作。

　　17.例 Teacher told us yesterday that the earth went around the sun. (×)

　　Teacher told us yesterday that the earth goes around the sun. (√)

　　[析] 習慣上在含有賓語從句的復合句中，主句的謂語動詞用了一般過去時，從句的謂語動詞要用過去的某種時態。但如果從句表述的是一客觀事實或客觀真理時，則不受主句時態的影響，而用一般現在時。

　　18. All the balls are not round. 翻譯成漢語：

　　所有的球都不是圓的。(×)并不是所有的球都是圓的。(√)

　　[析] all, every, both等詞和not連用時，not通常放在all, every, both的后面，一般情況下表示部分否定，意為"并非……都……"。

　　19. 例--- He didn't go to school yesterday, did he?-- _______, though he didn't feel very well.

　　A. No, he didn't (×) B. Yes, he did (√)

　　例--- Don't you usually come to school by bike?-- _______. But I sometimes walk.

　　A. No, I don't (×) B. Yes, I do (√)

　　[析] 習慣上英語中的yes意為"是的"，no意為"不"，但在"前否后肯"的反意疑問句或否定疑問句中，yes意為"不"，no意為"是的"。

　　20.---- Excuse me, is the supermarket far from here?---- No，it's about _______.

　　A. 7 minutes walk B. 7 minute walk C. 7 minutes' walk D. 7 minute's walk

　　答案為C。本題考查名詞所有格用法。當名詞的復數以-s結尾時，則只需要加"'"即可，則"7分鐘的距離"為"7 minutes' walk"。

　　21. You can not imagine how much I ______ on this dress. Is it beautiful?

　　A. paid B. took C. cost D. spent

　　[剖析] 答案為D。本題考察四個表"花費"的動詞辨析。主語為人，且和介詞on搭配的動詞是spend。

　　22. ---- Do you know _____ university student who is talking with Joe?---- Yes， she，s my cousin, Kate.

　　A. a B. an C. the D. /

　　[剖析] 答案為C。university雖然以元音字母u開頭，但其前若使用不定冠詞時，則要用a.不過此題中不能使用不定冠詞，而是特指和Joe說話的那個大學生，故要選the。

　　23. The number of giant pandas is getting ______ because their living areas are becoming farmlands.

　　A. less and less B. larger and larger C. smaller and smaller D. fewer and

　　fewer

　　[剖析] 答案為C。句意為"大熊貓的數量越來越少因為他們的生存空間正逐漸變成農場"。本題中四個選項都是"比較級+ and + 比較級"的結構，表示"越來越……"。主語為number，只能和large或small搭配。而結合句意可判斷答案為C。

　　24. Be careful when you come _______ the street，because the traffic is very busy

　　at the moment.A. across B. behind C. between D. over

　　[剖析] 答案為A。本題考察方位介詞的用法。"過馬路"一般為表面橫穿，因此要用across。

　　25. ---- Do you often clean your classroom?---- Yes, our classroom ______ every day.

　　A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned D. Cleaned

　　[剖析] 答案為C。句中有every day，主語為our classroom，故要用一般現在時的被動語態。

　　26. Lucy usually cleans the cage every two days. (對畫線部分提問)_ _______ Lucy usually clean the cage?

　　[剖析] 答案為How often does。對every two days提問要用how often。

　　27. I didn't understand __________，so I raised my hand to ask...

　　A. what my teacher says B. what does my teacher say　C. what my teacher said D. what did my teacher say

　　[剖析] 答案為C。本題為賓語從句，由于需要用陳述語序可排除B、D;另外，主句時態為一般過去時，則從句也要用對應的過去時態，故還可排除A。

　　28. ---- How much ______ the shoes?　---- Five dollars ______ enough.

　　A. is;is B. are;is C. are;are D. is;are

　　[剖析] 答案為B。shoes作主語時，謂語動詞應用復數形式;five dollars是一個整體，應按單數對待。

　　29. 誤〕 We got to the top of the mountain in daybreak. 〔正〕 We got to the top of the mountain at day break.

　　〔析〕 at用于具體時刻之前，如：sunrise, midday, noon, sunset, midnight, night。

　　30. 〔誤〕 Dont sleep at daytime 〔正〕 Dont sleep in daytime.

　　〔析〕 in 要用于較長的一段時間之內，如：in the morning / afternoon, 或 in the week / month / year. 或 in spring / supper /autumn / winter等等。

　　31. 〔誤〕 He became a writter at his twenties 〔正〕 He became a writter in his twenties

　　〔析〕這句話應譯為：他在20多歲時就成了作家。在某人的一段生活時間段中要用介詞in來表示，而在具體歲數時用at來表示。

　　32. 誤〕 We went to swim in the river in a very hot day. 〔正〕 We went to swim in the river on a very hot day.

　　〔析〕 具體某一天要用介詞on, 又如：on New Years Day

　　33. 〔誤〕 Im looking forward to seeing you on Christmas. 〔正〕 Im looking for ward to seeing you at Christmas.

　　〔析〕在節日的當天用on，而全部節日期間用at,Christmas是圣誕節期間，一般要有兩周或更長的時間。

　　34. 誤 I havent see you during the summer holidays. 正 I havent seen you since the beginning of the summer holidays. 〔析〕 during表示在某一段時間之內，所以一般不與完成時搭配，如：I visited a lot of museums during the holiday. 而for表示一段時間，可以用于完成時，如：I havent see you for a long time. 而through 用來表示時間時則為"整整，全部的時間"。如：It rained through the night.而since則是表達主句動作的起始時間，一般要與完成時連用。

　　35. 〔誤〕 At entering the classroom, I heard the good news. 〔正〕 On entering the classroom, I heard the good news. 〔析〕 On 加動名詞表示"一……就"。本句的譯文應是：我一進入教室就聽見這個好消息了。又如：on hearing… 一聽見， on arrival 一到達就……(on表示動作的名詞)

　　36. 〔誤〕 In the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories. 〔正〕 At the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories. 〔析〕 at the begining與at the end都是指某事物的開始與結束部分，均不指時間范圍，而in the beginning 則是指開始一段時間。in the end=at last是指"最終，終于"之意。

　　37. 〔誤〕 Till the end of next week. I will have finished this work. 〔正〕 By the end of next week. I will have finished this work. 〔析〕 by 引起的時間狀語表示了動作的截止點，其意思為"不遲于某一時刻將工作做完"，所以主句一般是完成時態。當然可以有將來時態，如：Ill be there by five oclock.而till則表達其一動作一直持續到某一時刻，但句中的動詞一定要用持續性動詞，而瞬間的截止性動詞應用其否定句式，如：I wont finish this work till(until) next weekend.

　　38. 〔誤〕 He came to London before last weekend. 〔正〕 He had come to London before last weekend.

　　〔正〕 He came to London two weeks ago. 〔析〕 before 一般要與完成時連用，而ago則與一般過去時連用。

　　39. 〔誤〕I have studied English for three years gince I had come here.正 I have studied English for three years since I came here. 析 since用來表達主句動作的開始時間，所以其引出的從句中應為過去時，而不能用完成時態

　　40. 〔誤〕 I can help you repair this bike. You will get it after two hours. 〔正〕 I can help you repair this bike. You will get it in two hours. 〔析〕中文經常講兩小時之后來取，兩天內會修好，而這個介詞在英文中要用in而不要用after。其原因有二，①after 多用于過去時，如：I arrived in New York. After three days, I found a job in the bank. ② after 加時間是表達一個不確定的時間范圍，如：after three days, 即三天之后的哪一天都可以。所以在許諾若干時間內會完成某事時，一定要用介詞in。

　　41.〔誤〕 Three days after he died. 〔正〕 After three days he died. 〔正〕 Three days later he died.

　　〔析〕 after 與 later都可以用來表達一段時間之后，但它們所處的位置不同，after 在時間詞前，而later在時間詞后。

　　42.〔誤〕 She hid herself after the tree. 〔正〕 She hid herself behind the tree.

　　〔析〕 after多用來表達某動作之后，所以有的語法書中稱它為動態介詞，如：I run after him. After finishing my homework, I went to see a film. 而behind則多用于靜態事物之后。

　　43.〔誤〕 There is a beautiful bird on the tree. 〔正〕 There is a beautiful bird in the tree.

　　〔析〕 樹上長出的果實，樹葉要用on, 而其他外來的人、物體均要用in the tree.

　　44.〔誤〕 Shanghai is on the east of China. 〔正〕 Shanghai is in the east of China.

　　〔析〕 在表達地理位置時有3個介詞：in, on, to。 in表示在某范圍之內; on表示與某地區接壤;to則表示不相接。如：Japan is to the east of China.

　　45.〔誤〕 I arrived at New York on July 2nd. 〔正〕 I arrived in New York on July 2nd.

　　〔析〕 at用來表達較小的地方，而in用來表達較大的地方。at常用于at the school gate, at home, at a bus stop, at the station, at the cinema, at a small village。

　　46.〔誤〕 He lived in No. 3 Beijing Road. 〔正〕 He lived at No. 3 Beijing Road.

　　〔析〕 在門牌號碼前要用at, 并要注意它的慣用法：at the end of the street, at the foot of the mountain, at the top of the page。

　　47.〔誤〕 There is a colour TV set at the corner of the hall. 〔正〕 There is a colour TV set in the corner of the hall.

　　〔析〕 在屋內的角落應用in，而墻的外角用at，如：There is a tree at the corner of the street.

　　48. 〔誤〕 Do you know there is some good news on todays newspaper? 〔正〕 Do you know there is some good news in todays newspaper?

　　〔析〕 在報紙上的新聞要用in, 而在具體某一版上，或某一頁上則要用on。

　　49. 〔誤〕 The school will begin on September 1st. 〔正〕 School will begin on September 1st.

　　〔析〕這里的school應看作不可數名詞泛指學校的課程，即開學之意。要注意，有些活動場所當表達正在從事該種活動時不要加冠詞，如：at table (吃飯)， When I came to Toms home, they were at table. 還有： at desk (學習)，at work (工作) at school (上學)， in hospital (住醫院) at church 作禮拜如加上定冠詞則另有他意，如：at the school 即在學校工作或辦事，in the hospital 即在醫院工作或去看望病人。

　　50. 〔誤〕 Ill leave Beijing to Shanghai tomorrow. 〔正〕 Ill leave Beijing for Shanghai. 〔正〕 Ill leave for Shanghai.

　　〔析〕 leave for 是離開某地去某處的固定搭配，不可將for改為別的介詞。這樣的搭配還有：start for 動身前往某處，set out for， sail for。

　　51. 〔誤〕 Im sorry. I have to get out the bus at next stop. 〔正〕 Im sorry. I have to get out of the bus at next stop.

　　〔析〕 get in, 與 get out是兩個相反的詞組。get in 為上車，而get out為下車，但語法家認為這里的in與out為副詞，所以其后不能接名詞，我們可以講Wed better get in. 或Wed better get out. 還有一組詞組有關上下車：get on/off(a train, a ship, a struck) get into/out of (a car, taxi…)

　　52. 〔誤〕 Be careful The temperature of the water is ninety degrees over zero. 〔正〕 Be careful. The temperature of the water is ninety degrees above zero.

　　〔析〕 over 與 above 在作為比某物高的意思時有時可以互換。但在垂直方向上的高矮時，即正上方時則要用above.而泛指上方時用over.

　　53.〔誤〕 The Dead Sea is under the sea level. 〔正〕 The Dead Sea is below the sea level.

　　〔析〕在垂直下方要用below.也就是講above與below互為反意詞，over與under也是反意詞。

　　54. 〔誤〕 There is a big tree in the front of the house. 〔正〕 There is a big tree in front of the house.

　　〔析〕in front of 是在物體外部的前面，而in the front of 是在物體內部的前面，如：The driver sits in the front of the bus.

　　55.〔誤〕 It took them two days to walk across the forest. 〔正〕 It took them two days to walk through the forest.

　　〔析〕 across 作為介詞有兩個主要意思：① 橫過，如：I want to walk across the street.② 對面，如：There is a post office across the street,而through 多用于三維空間中的穿越。across則多用于平面上的橫過。如：The little girl ran across the room to meet her mother.

　　56. 〔誤〕 The sun sets toward the west. 〔正〕 The sun sets in the west.

　　〔析〕 towards也可用作toward，它主要表達朝向某方向運動，但不一定到達，如：He ran toward(s) the mountain.而在表示方位east, west, north, south 時，其前面要用in。要注意的是這4個詞可以用作副詞，如：I went south. 也可用作名詞，如：I went to the south.也可用作形容詞，如：I went to the south part of China.

　　57. 〔誤〕 Can I write the exam paper with ink? 〔正〕 Can I write the exam paper with a pen? 〔正〕 Can I write the exam paper in ink?

　　〔析〕 with后要加拿得起來放得下的工具，而墨水、顏料等原料則要用in。

　　58. 〔誤〕 Im earlier today. I came here by his car. 〔正〕 Im earlier today. I came here in his car.

　　〔析〕在交通工具前加介詞by，但不能再有任何指示代詞或冠詞，否則要改換相應的介詞。by taxi=in a taxi

　　by train=in a train by bicycle=on a bicycle by ship=on a ship

　　59. 〔誤〕 A lot of French wines are made of grape. 〔正〕 A lot of French wines are made from grape.

　　〔析〕 made of 是指由原材料到成品過程中原材料未發生質地的變化，而發生了某種變化則要用from,如：The desk was made of hard wood.

　　60.〔誤〕 This is a good dictionary in English grammar. 〔正〕 This is a good dictionary on English grammar.

　　〔析〕關于某方面的書籍、報告等有兩個介詞，其中on表示某專業用書，about則為某方面的普通讀物，如：This is a book about physics.即物理科普知識。

　　61.〔誤〕 Do you have the key of the door.

　　〔正〕 Do you have the key to the door.

　　〔析〕 key to the door門的鑰匙。相同用法還有answer to the question, entrance to the highway, danger to health.千萬不要用of。

　　62. 〔誤〕 I didnt do my homework, so the teacher was angry to me.

　　〔正〕 I didnt do my homework, so the teacher was angry with me.

　　〔析〕 be angry with其后接人，而be angry at其后接事。如：He was angry at what she said.

　　63. 〔誤〕 He was good for skating.

　　〔正〕 He was good at skating.

　　〔析〕 be good at 為"擅長某事"，而be good for somebody為對某人很好。

　　64. 〔誤〕 It was good to you to help my little boy.

　　〔正〕 It was good of you to help my little boy.

　　〔析〕 這句話應譯為：你真太好了，幫助了我的小孩。而be good to somebody 是對某人態度好。如：Her mother is good to everyone.

　　65. 〔誤〕 My parents were very pleased at me.

　　〔正〕 My parents were very pleased with me.

　　〔正〕 My parents were very pleased at my studying.

　　〔析〕 be pleased with后加somebody, 而be pleased at后加something。

　　66. 〔誤〕 He is agree with me.

　　〔正〕 He agrees with me.

　　〔誤〕 He againsts me.

　　〔正〕 He is against me.

　　〔析〕同意agree為動詞，而反對against則為介詞。在使用中一定要注意。

　　67. 〔誤〕 I havent heard letters from him.

　　〔正〕 I havent heard from him.

　　〔析〕 hear from 即為：從某人處得到信件。不要再加letter了。

　　68. 〔誤〕 Do you know the girl on white?

　　〔正〕 Do you know the girl in white?

　　〔析〕 in white為穿一身白。與in有關的詞組有：in bed(睡覺)，in hospital(住院)，in a hurry(匆匆忙忙)，in danger(危險中),in joy (高興)，in good health(身體好)，in love(戀愛)，in trouble(困境)，與之相反的是out of ,如：out of trouble (擺脫困境)，out of date(過時了)， out of order(出故障)

　　69. 〔誤〕 She didnt come to school because of she was ill.

　　〔正〕 She didnt come to school because she was ill.

　　〔析〕 because of 后接名詞，如：The game was put off because of the rain.

　　70. . What can I do for you?- I'd like two ____　A. box of appleB. boxes of applesC. box of applesD. boxes of apple

　　答案: B. (選擇其它三項的同學要注意仔細看題.不要馬虎, 這里box 和apple都是可數名詞)

　　72.Help yourself to _________.　A. some chickensB. a chickenC. some chickenD. any chicken

　　答案: C (選擇A的同學要注意chicken當雞肉講時不可數)

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