萬圣節的由來和習俗
在西方國家,每年的10月31日為“萬圣節之夜”,萬圣節是西方國家的傳統節日。下面就是YJBYS小編為大家帶來的萬圣節的由來和習俗,僅供參考!
萬圣節的由來
每年的10月31日,是西方傳統的“鬼節”――萬圣節。不過這一天的氣氛卻遠不像它的名稱那樣讓人聽上去就“毛骨悚然”。每當萬圣節到來,孩子們都會迫不及待地穿上五顏六色的化妝服,戴上千奇百怪的面具,提著一盞“杰克燈”走家竄戶,向大人們索要節日的禮物。萬圣節最廣為人知的象征也正是這兩樣――奇異的“杰克燈”和“不請吃就搗亂”的惡作劇。
關于萬圣節由來最普遍的認為,那是源于基督誕生前的古西歐國家,主要包括愛爾蘭、蘇格蘭和威爾士。這幾處的古西歐人叫德魯伊特人。德魯伊特人的新年在十一月一日,新年前夜,德魯伊特人讓年輕人集隊,戴著各種怪異面具,拎著刻好的蘿卜燈(南瓜燈系后期習俗,古西歐最早沒有南瓜),他們游走于村落間。這在當時實則為一種秋收的慶典;也有說是“鬼節”,傳說當年死去的人,靈魂會在萬圣節的前夜造訪人世,據說人們應該讓造訪的鬼魂看到圓滿的收成并對鬼魂呈現出豐盛的款待。所有篝火及燈火和把自己打扮成妖魔鬼怪,一來是為了嚇走鬼魂,同時也為鬼魂照亮路線,引導其回歸。
萬圣節的習俗
1、敲門索取糖果
萬圣節當晚是一年里最“鬧鬼”的時候,當天晚上的習俗便是孩子們提著南瓜燈,穿著各式各樣的仿妖魔鬼怪的服飾挨家挨戶的敲門并大喊:"Trick or Treat!"(意為不請客就搗亂),主人家(可能同樣穿著恐怖服裝)便會派出一些糖果、朱古力或是小禮物;要是不給糖的話,小孩子們就會進行各種惡作劇,比如把垃圾倒進你的家里等等。
2、“咬蘋果”游戲
萬圣節的另一個習俗是最為流行的“咬蘋果”游戲。游戲時,人們讓蘋果漂浮在裝滿水的盆里,然后讓參與者在不用手的條件下用嘴去咬蘋果,誰先咬到,誰就是優勝者。
3、占撲游戲
在愛爾蘭,有一種傳統占卜游戲,參加者蒙著眼,從放著幾個小碟的桌上選出其中一只,如摸到的碟盛有泥土,代表來年會有與參加者有關的人過身,如盛有水代表會遠行,盛有錢幣代表會發財,盛有豆代表會窮困等等。在19世紀的愛爾蘭,少女會在灑有面粉的碟上放蛞蝓,而蛞蝓爬行的痕跡會是少女將來丈夫的'模樣。
4、人鬼嘉年華會
紐約市也特別在萬圣節晚上舉行巡游,讓一群吸血鬼,僵尸,巫婆,科學怪人等齊齊現身,還歡迎市民到場參觀,到會者不限年齡、性別,不分階級、國籍,即使你是膽小鬼,也可加入他們的行列,來個熱熱鬧鬧的人鬼嘉年華會。其實這些鬼怪都是人扮的,所以并不可怕,相反有些小鬼臉更非?蓯郏钊酥蒙砥渲,就如參加大型化裝舞會一樣。
附:萬圣節的習俗(中英文版)
TINY ghost-like dolls hang from trees, big plastic spiders sit on rooftops and bloody plastic hands reach out from gravestones…Are you ready for the scariest night of the year?
樹上到處懸掛著鬼怪小玩偶,屋頂盤踞著巨大的塑料蜘蛛,墓穴里伸出一雙血淋淋的塑膠手……一年之中最恐怖的夜晚到來了,你好了嗎?
October 31 is Halloween, one of the most popular festivals in the US, Canada and Britain. The festival began as a day to remember the dead. But nowadays it's all about the carnival atmosphere when people can enjoy dressing up and scaring each other.
10月31日萬圣節前夜是美國、加拿大和英國最受歡迎的節日。節日源起于對死者的紀念日。但現在它完全一場大狂歡,人們盡情享受著改裝易容互相恐嚇的樂趣。
Halloween is one of children's favourite nights of the year. They dress up as monsters and go to their neighbours'houses. Knocking on the door they shout: "Trick or treat!" Of course, usually people give them "treats" - a like sweets and chocolates. But, if you don't, you can expect a prank such as having your car windows soaped or your garbage cans turned over.
萬圣節前夜一年之中孩子們最喜歡的夜晚。打扮成妖怪去鄰居家,敲著門大喊:“不給糖就搗蛋!”當然,人們通常會給“糖”——比如甜食或者巧克力。但你不給,那就等著一場惡作劇吧,你會你的車窗被涂上了肥皂,垃圾桶翻倒在地,等等。
Halloween is also a time for masquerade parties. Witches fly in on broomsticks, while ghosts and skeletons chat on the dance floor.
萬圣節前夜舉辦化妝舞會的好時機。你會看到女巫坐著掃帚柄飛進來,鬼怪和骷髏則在舞池中竊竊私語。
You can even dress up as a famous monster like Dracula! The motto is: "The scarier, the better."
你還可以化妝成像吸血鬼那樣可怕的妖怪。有句諺語說:“越恐怖越好。”
Even making Halloween food should be like casting a spell or mixing a magic drink. In Britain, people drink "Witch's Mix", made with apple, orange, grape and berry juice. Children also enjoy "Halloween Worms," made from egg noodles. And how do you like the sound of "Eye-Balls"? Don't worry, they're made with scoops of chocolate and vanilla ice cream, shaped like human eyes. Skeleton-shaped cookies are equally popular.
甚至連萬圣節前夜做的食物也要像下了咒語或者配備魔法飲料。在英國,人們喝叫“巫師之飲”的東西,用蘋果、橘子、葡萄和漿果的汁調配而成。孩子們還喜歡吃“萬圣節蟲子”,是用雞蛋面做的。你覺得“眼珠子”聽上去怎么樣?別擔心,那只是用幾勺巧克力和香草冰激凌做的,只不過像是人眼的形狀。頭蓋骨形狀的餅干同樣也很受歡迎。
A well-known Halloween tradition is to make lanterns from pumpkins, called "Jack-o-lanterns". First, the inside of the pumpkin is removed. Then, a face is cut into the pumpkin, traditionally a smiling, devil face. Finally a candle is placed inside, and the lantern is put at the front of the house to keep evil spirits away.
萬圣節前夜的眾所周知的傳統用南瓜做成燈,叫“杰克燈”。,把南瓜里面掏空。然后在南瓜上切出一張臉孔,通常是一張笑瞇瞇的魔鬼面孔。最后,在里面放上一只蠟燭,然后把南瓜燈房子前面用來嚇跑那些邪惡的幽靈。
Besides pumpkin cutting, "apple-bobbing" is another popular game. Several apples are put floating in water in a big bucket. Children have their hands tied behind their backs. They have to try to pick the apples out of the water using only their mouths. Of course, people get very wet and it is very funny to watch.
除了切南瓜,“叼蘋果”很流行的游戲。把幾只蘋果大水桶里面飄浮著。孩子們的手被綁在背后。只能用嘴巴把蘋果從水里叼。當然了,人們會全都濕淋淋的,光看著就很有趣。
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