- P(gun)]
@̌W(xu)ĸ˼·
(dng)ǰУĻ@߀ڲن}W(xu)У(du)һ(xing)(dng)̌W(xu)ҕ܉ֱӰ푌W(xu)(du)ԓn̵ҕ̶Ҳ܉ֱӰ푽̎ķeO
ժҪ@һ(xing)F(tun)ww\(yn)(dng)V˂gӭ@ۺ߲ٔ(sh).(dng)ǰУڌ(du)W(xu)M(jn)ȫλB(yng)ĕr(sh)(du)ڌW(xu)w|(zh)|(zh)ԼnۺõB(yng)^ҕ._O(sh)@n̾ҪwF(xin)ʽ֮һ.(dng)ǰУڻ@̌W(xu)߀к֮ܶ̎.磺̌W(xu)(ni)f̌W(xu)ģʽW(xu)Уҕ(do)W(xu)dȤߣ̎eO^.Cό(do)½̌W(xu)Ч̫n̵O(sh)Ŀě]еõF(xin).ڬF(xin)РrĻA(ch)ϣˆ}F(xin)ԭ.ͬr(sh)ᘌ(du)@Щԭ˸Ц@̌W(xu)ĸһЩO(sh)P(gun)ĸĸ˼·.(ni)ݾ^(qing)Č(sh)`ԺͿɲ.(du)M(jn)һl(f)չ@̌W(xu)߽̌W(xu)ЧW(xu)C|(zh)^(qing)ָ(do)x.
P(gun)I~У@̌W(xu);ģʽĸ;̌W(xu)(ni)ݸĸ;C|(zh)B(yng)
@һ(xing)ܴϲ۵w\(yn)(dng).@@(xing)\(yn)(dng)17o(j)ѽ(jng)a(chn).Sٶ@\(yn)(dng)ѿAul(f)չSҎ(gu)t淨Ҳu.һ(xing)ʮ־\(yn)(dng)չʾ(g)˸ٵF(tun)woһ(g)gAӵȺc@(xing)\(yn)(dng)Ё.ꌦ(du)@ϲȞͻ.@(g)ԭw\(yn)(dng)ɞˌW(xu)Уwĵă(ni)֮һ.@Ľ̌W(xu)܉ֱӵӰ푌W(xu)cwˮƽ(du)W(xu)F(tun)wԼ(g)ؕI(xin)ȷ涼ИO(qing)Ľx.@\(yn)(dng)Ľ̌W(xu)ͨSI(y)ϵy(tng)O(sh)ʩҕ̶Ȳ(qing)ȿ^^.Ԯ(dng)ǰĻ@̌W(xu)(ni)ݣM(du)̌W(xu)F(xin)ģʽM(jn)̽ӑδĸM(jn)(j).
1@Ľ̌W(xu)F(xin)
1.1̌W(xu)(ni)
Ľ̌W(xu)(ni)Ͽ(dng)ǰĻ@n̸W(xu)Уώ֮go@.(dng)ǰĽ̌W(xu)ȻԻ@Ҏ(gu)tA(ch)̎H(du)@ľwg(sh)(dng)M(jn)н̌W(xu)W(xu)μģc(x)(dng).@ŇW(xu)ʽʹÌW(xu)HH(du)@\(yn)(dng)ļc(zhn)g(sh)˽w|(zh)]еõ(qing)o֧θM(fi)⏊(qing)ȸĻ@(x)ِ(du)c(zhn)g(sh)Ĉ(zh)Ҳܵλ.wܵȱʧʹû@\(yn)(dng)ĻA(ch)ι̌W(xu)ЧȻҲ.(sh)H@̌W(xu)(yng)(dng)w|(zh)(zhn)g(sh)(dng)(lin)ϵʹW(xu)g(sh)܉r(sh)\(yn)õ(sh)(zhn).@Ӳw\(yn)(dng)̌W(xu)ĸĿ(bio)ͬr(sh)\(yn)(dng)^зeOҲ(hu)ߺܶ.
1.2̌W(xu)ģʽ(dng)ǰW(xu)У(du)ڻ@̌W(xu)ͨx£
(1)(zhn)\(yn)(dng)
(2)еvʾ
(3)(f)ֽM(x)ce(cu)`m
(4)\(yn)(dng)
(5)n̽Y(ji)
@ŇW(xu)ʮW(xu)ڌW(xu)(x)^б(dng)ܽ̎ڵĄ(dng)(du)ڻ@?q)W(x)a(chn)dȤ.(dng)Ĝpٕ(hu)(do)W(xu)(du)ԓ\(yn)(dng)ČW(xu)(x)ʧȥeOԺ(dng)Ҳyȫȥw(hu)@\(yn)(dng)ļcȤW(xu)(x)Ч͕(hu)ܶ.ֱӵĺǣW(xu)ܐ۴@nj(du)ڻ@nsd².@\(yn)(dng)(du)cӲO(sh)ʩҪmȻߣF(xin)еĽ̌W(xu)O(sh)ʩٵÝMĽ̌W(xu)(dng).ܶW(xu)Уڻ@̌W(xu)ʹͨˮë̌W(xu)@h(yun)h(yun)ܝM(g)༉(j)ͬr(sh)M(jn)н̌W(xu).cͬr(sh)ýw̌W(xu)ڻ@\(yn)(dng)ϵȱʧҲʹý̌W(xu)Ч@».@(do)W(xu)(du)ڻ@(zhn)g(sh)Լwg(sh)ya(chn)ĸ֪Ҳ͟o(zhn)_ս̌W(xu)(ni).
1.3̌W(xu)ֶκͷ
(du)κΌW(xu)ƵĽ̌W(xu)f̌W(xu)ǘOҪһ.(du)ڽ̎f̌W(xu)Ƿɹ̌W(xu)^(du)DZоֱP(gun)(lin)һ(g)c(din).(dng)ǰ̌W(xu)ͨʹĂy(tng)c(du)ȤЧĸِΑȽ̌W(xu)\(yn)÷dz.@ζ(dng)ǰܶ@̌W(xu)ߌ(du)ڽ̌W(xu)߀DzҕԸy(tng)Ľ̌W(xu)ģʽ.@NF(xin)(hu)ֱӌ(do)W(xu)(du)@ČW(xu)(x)ȱeO(dng)(dng)˼@ļc(zhn)g(sh)Փڌ(sh)H\(yn)Ҳo瑪(yng)W(xu)(ni)ֱӰ푻@̌W(xu)KЧ.ᘌ(du)@n̵ĿܶԺУȻȡԇƶ.@Nƶvһ(xing)w\(yn)(dng)cu(png)ӲBһ\(yn)(dng)ĘȤ@׃˻@n̽̌W(xu)ij.
1.4W(xu)
Sr(sh)İl(f)չW(xu)u(du)ڽ̌W(xu)c̎Լu(png)r(ji).һ(du)ijTnҊW(xu)ͨ(hu)ֱӱF(xin).ώĽ̌W(xu)ʽoW(xu)dȤ@͕(hu)(do)W(xu)(du)ڽ̎̌W(xu)ĵ|.һc(din)F(xin)|̌W(xu)Ч͕(hu)ۿW(xu)c֮̎gP(gun)ϵҲ(hu)ܵӰ.Σw\(yn)(dng)^M(fi)wÿ(g)˶жˌW(xu)^Ͼ͕(hu)ֲԸⅢcw\(yn)(dng)˼.@ʹý̎(dng)TW(xu)c(lin)ϵcn̽̌W(xu)yȸ.ʹ(qing)ƌW(xu)W(xu)(x)tm䷴.
1.5ԺУ
ڻ@n̽̌W(xu)УW(xu)Уǽ̌W(xu)ОĽMߺҲǽ̌W(xu)YԴṩ.(dng)ǰУwnͨSW(xu)n(qing)W(xu)wչW(xu)ۺԼW(xu)eOσr(ji)ֵ^ȵ.a(chn)I(y)ʹÌW(xu)УuӃAڌ(du)W(xu)ČW(xu)(x)M(jn)B(yng)˻@wn̵O(sh)x.@ʹòԺУͶ뵽@nеĎY@.͵ıF(xin)ǽ̎̌W(xu)]Є(dng)W(xu)HõW(xu)ֶxcn.@һ(g)͵w\(yn)(dng)һЩУ˜y(c)ԇɵĹ.Cσ(ni)֪(dng)ǰ@̌W(xu)Ġr߀кܶ.W(xu)(du)ڻ@n̛]м飬sϲg@\(yn)(dng).@Nìܾf̎Ľ̌W(xu)].ͽ̌W(xu)cȱʧҲʹý̌W(xu)Чۿ.W(xu)Уڻ@\(yn)(dng)ͶYcO(sh)߀Ԓ@̌W(xu)Ȼoa(chn)䑪(yng)еăr(ji)ֵ.ڻ@̌W(xu)I(lng)У̌W(xu)(ni)ݵĄ(chung)̌W(xu)ĸM(jn)̌W(xu)O(sh)ʩĸµǮ(dng)ǰ^m(x)M(jn)ķ.
2P(gun)ĸĸO(sh)
2.1@n̽̌W(xu)(ni)ݵĸĸ
@LjF(tun)w\(yn)(dng).ԓ\(yn)(dng)ͨ^F(tun)wɆT֮gͨ^ֶʹɹM(jn)@Ĕ(sh)ؓ(f)Ҫ.@NԾ͛Q˻@\(yn)(dng)Ҫͨ^(sh)Hıِܸܵ\(yn)(dng)ͬr(sh)(du)\(yn)(dng)ɡ(zhn)g(sh)ȷă(ni)ֱ^̵J(rn)R(sh).WĽo(j)ĩھ͌(du)@ڌ(sh)`Ľ̌W(xu)M(jn)˶x.I(lng)(hu)̌W(xu).@Nͨ^(du)̌W(xu)(ni)M(jn)Ќ(sh)`ԴˁՓʽ̌W(xu).굽@̌W(xu)nj(du)(dng)Ľ̌W(xu)M(jn)ԑ(zhn)g(sh)Լ΄(sh)Д̌W(xu)Ҫc(din)ͨ^(du)W(xu)@ِR(sh)B(yng)܉ʹÌW(xu)܉?q)ڱِĹ?ji)ࡢʹõđ(zhn)g(sh)Լ挦(du)ʽM(jn)зówđ(yng)(du).@N@˼SʽϵĄ(dng)Ҫ.@̌W(xu)(ni)owܺ̈́(dng)ď(qing)Ч(hu)dz.
2.2̌W(xu)ģʽ̌W(xu)ֶεĸĸ
(dng)ǰğʾ(x)m(x)Y(ji)Ľ̌W(xu)ģʽʹý̌W(xu)ʽdzһ̌W(xu)ЧҲǺ˝M.(sh)Hϣw̌W(xu)(yng)(dng)_ʽMȤ.ᘌ(du)@@NF(tun)wΑ|(zh)(xing)Ŀ.ڌ(sh)HĽ̌W(xu)̎һҎ(gu)ģıِn̽̌W(xu)ͬr(sh)ͨ^ِ؏(f)ľ(x)ʹÌW(xu)܉Α^Ќ(du)(dng)˼Sw|(zh)M(jn)呟_(d)^õĽ̌W(xu)Ч.磬ڌ(du)(zhn)\(yn)(dng)M(jn)иM(jn)ĕr(sh)ᘌ(du)ԵؽڌW(xu)ÿ(g)(dng)ĿĺͱҪ.ڻ(dng)c(zhn)g(sh)B(yng)^ͨ^ِ.Ҫ(du)ʽ̌W(xu)M(jn)Б(yng)Ը(j)W(xu)w@ˮƽԄeW(xu)֞(g)СMᘌ(du)ԵM(jn)н̌W(xu).Ȼ(j)(sh)Hˮƽ(dng)B(ti){(dio)СMˆT.(dng)(du)һЩ̎?q)W(dng)ǰoģMʾĄ(dng)͑(zhn)g(sh)ͨ^ҕl߄(dng)ʽ(du)M(jn)v.ͨ^@Щ̌W(xu)ֶΣW(xu)ķeOԕ(hu)@W(xu)(x)dȤҲ.ɴֱӿԌ(do)½̌W(xu)Ч.cͬr(sh)@̌W(xu)Ŀ˲I(y)n̵Ŀԇʽ酢.@n̲ͬڌI(y)nԓn̵ҪĿIJW(xu)ø߷֣W(xu)һ(xing)\(yn)(dng)cһ(xing)\(yn)(dng)w|(zh)ƺ.cͬr(sh)l(f)չ@I(y)һ(g)C(j).
2.3W(xu)ĸĸ
ᘌ(du)W(xu)ڵ^߿^أ̎ͨ^һЩk(yng)(du).̎ͨ^(du)(dng)ǰܚgӭĸ@dzl(f)(du)ɹ֮͂̎M(jn).ͬr(sh)ͨ^ҕl͔(sh)(j)W(xu)չʾ@ǂ.g@\(yn)(dng)(du)ڌW(xu).ͨ^(du)ِĽMʹÌW(xu)֮gl(f)a(chn)ķՇ.@NՇһa(chn)͕(hu)ʹW(xu)(dng)W(xu)(x)@ܡ(dng)(du)@đ(zhn)g(sh)M(jn)оп(dng)c̎ӑՓ@ļܺͼ.@ЩֱW(xu)W(xu)(x)@\(yn)(dng)ķeO.cͬr(sh)M(jn)н̌W(xu)^̎R(sh)،ͬˮƽČW(xu)MһM(jn)н̌W(xu)ͱِ?yn)ˮƽ^(do)²ˮƽČW(xu)dȤ_ȱʧˮƽõČW(xu)oܵ@ĘȤ@ӵrİl(f).cͬr(sh)̎߀O(sh)Ӌ(j)һЩ(d)صĽ̌W(xu)h(hun)(ji)(do)W(xu)(du)@đ(zhn)g(sh)(dng)M(jn)зоĄ(l)(du)M(jn)Є(chung).@ҲW(xu)(d)˼Լ(chung)µ.
2.4ԺУkW(xu)˼Sĸĸ
ǰ_vԺУ̌W(xu)Ĺ(yng)(dng)(du)̌W(xu)Ա횵(do)Ҏ(gu).ҪW(xu)ͽ̎ҕ@nҪpĸJ(rn)R(sh)@nֻ̲Ǟ΄(w)c@ÌW(xu).(dng)ߵԺУČW(xu)ͨW(xu)(x)^乤ƌW(xu).@һ(xing)\(yn)(dng)(du)^w(dng)(du)^鄡ҵ\(yn)(dng)䌦(du)LڷԼW(xu)(x)˵ĽзdzeO.У(yng)(dng)ҕI(y)Ӗ(xn)ͬr(sh)(du)W(xu)wcҲͬr(sh)̶ͬȵָ(do)@ӲʹøУݔ͵(hu)˲Ǿ.w̌W(xu)ĽMߺYԴṩߣ(yng)(dng)nr(sh)gڌW(xu)У(ni)ԼԺУ֮gM@ָِ(yng)Ľ̎(du)(du)M(jn)мܺ͑(zhn)g(sh)ָ(do).W(xu)У(du)һ(xing)(dng)̌W(xu)ҕ܉ֱӰ푌W(xu)(du)ԓn̵ҕ̶Ҳ܉ֱӰ푽̎ķeO.ͨ^@ӵČW(xu)dȤĻ(dng)܉{(dio)(dng)W(xu)ͽ̎ķeO(du)(du)@\(yn)(dng)ҕ̶Ҳ.
3Y(ji)Z
wv(dng)ǰУĻ@߀ڲن}.ďČ(sh)Hl(f)ᘌ(du)(dng)ǰһЩF(xin)˿Ԍ(sh)`ᘌ(du)ԵĻ@̌W(xu)ĸҊ.Č(sh)ȞW(xu)v̌W(xu)ЧʹW(xu)ϻ@\(yn)(dng)Ļ@̌W(xu)Ҫ̎ᘌ(du)(dng)ǰ}M(jn)˼ᘌ(du)W(xu)c(din)M(jn)dȤB(yng)c܌W(xu)(x).ԺУ(du)ڻ@̌W(xu)đB(ti)ȁvԺУ(yng)(dng)˲B(yng)ďȫČI(y)B(yng)D(zhun)C|(zh)B(yng).@Ͱ(du)@̌W(xu)ҕ֧.@Ӳʹ@̌W(xu)(du)УW(xu)a(chn)OӰҲʹû@\(yn)(dng)܉ڌW(xu)Ⱥwи.
īI(xin)
[1].ՓΑڻ@̌W(xu)ĸеķeOЧ(yng)[J].VW(xu)ԺW(xu)(bo)(ȻƌW(xu)),2004(02):116-120.
[2]ǰ,쿡s.΄(sh)¸@̌W(xu)ĸ˼·[J].wƼ,2003(02):54-56.
[3]ꐑ.ԺУ@̌W(xu)ĸ˼·c(du)[J].w(W(xu)g(sh)),2009(03):10-12.
[4]Sƽ,¿,첨ӿ.“ꖹw\(yn)(dng)”ͨ@̌W(xu)ĸĸ[J].֎W(xu)ԺW(xu)(bo),2010(02):110-112.
[5].Ӱ푸@̌W(xu)ĸطcl(f)չ̽[J].ƼYӍ,2012(04):209.
[6]־.YԴ_l(f)cУw̌W(xu)ĸ[J].wcƌW(xu),2012(02):118-120+83.
[7],.Ժ@̌W(xu)ĸĸ˼·̽[J].ĴߵȌƌW(xu)УW(xu)(bo),2012(02):84-86
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