英語科技論文
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英語科技論文
Abstract: the first part of this article uses the basic theory of development economics to analyze the important role of scientific and technological progress in economic growth, and then illustrates that scientific and technological progress is the primary productive force.The second part proves the key role of scientific and technological progress in economic growth in the future through relevant data.Finally, it is pointed out that the transformation of the mode of economic growth relying on scientific and technological progress can lead to long-term, stable and sustained economic growth and lead the economy to a new stage.
Key words: scientific and technological progress; economic growth; Capital
Frist. Introduction
After a well-off society in an all-round way, China's international status has been greatly improved. The total economic output is second only to that of the United States, ranking second in the world.The fundamental sign of achieving a relatively comfortable standard of living is that the per capita GDP exceeds US $3000, close to the average level of middle-income countries.The following items: first, per capita disposable income of urban residents reached 18000 yuan; second: per capita income of rural residents reached 8000 yuan; third: the Engel coefficient is reduced to 35%; Fourth: urban per capita housing construction area reached 30 square meters; fifth, the urbanization rate reached 56%; Sixth residents: the family computer penetration rate reached 20%; seventh: university enrollment rate reached 25%; eighth: the minimum living guarantee for urban residents reached 95%.After China has built a well-off society in an all-round way, we will always follow the tenet of serving the people wholeheartedly and vigorously develop the productive forces, promote economic growth and move towards higher income countries.Then, the path of economic growth in the future
Two, the relationship between technological progress and economic growth
The source and the determinant factors on economic growth theory, mainly through the following three theories illustrate: 1. in Hadro - Thomas economic growth model as the representative of the capital theory, the theory that the key to economic growth is the accumulation of capital, the main content is the same in the capital output ratio under the condition of economy growth depends on the savings rate.2. with the Solow economic growth model as the representative of technological determinism, the theory that economic growth mainly depends on the degree of technological progress.These two theories have some deficiencies, which emphasizes the single capital accumulation Harold Domar model is not the test of practice.Although the Solow model emphasizes the great role of science and technology progress, but it is the science and technology progress as exogenous, the economic growth is not only temporary, sustained growth.3. of the endogenous growth theory, the theory of 1980s as the new growth theory of traditional economic growth theory to rethink, the technological progress of economic growth source of progress of science and technology in biochemistry to make up for the Solow economic growth model of the technological progress as exogenous factors of defects, and points out that the accumulation of knowledge and human capital in technological progress the accumulation of economic growth continued to play a crucial role.The assumption that the theory of constant decline in traditional economic growth theory of earnings and returns to scale were perfect, the accumulation of knowledge and human capital as a source of economic growth factors to curb the diminishing returns and diminishing returns to scale through the mechanism of the positive external effect, not only can make their own formation of increasing income, but also can make the capital and material factors labor return to increase, so that the whole economy increasing returns to scale, to ensure sustained economic growth.Through the above analysis can be found in the process of economic development, increase the investment of capital, labor and other factors of production will lead to the output growth of economic growth, but the economy to achieve long-term, sustained and rapid growth can not only rely on the factor of production is simple, to abandon the extensive mode of production, take intensive expansion the mode of reproduction, that is to say the technology progress plays a vital role in the economic development, because technology not only brings the growth of output, but also by external effects, improve the production of natural elements and elements of labor, physical capital and productivity, eliminate these elements in the same income decline, and increasing returns to scale.The differences between economic growth rate and income level is the main source of knowledge in the world and the level of human capital accumulation is different, so the future economic development of the most important and the most crucial point is to increase the accumulation of knowledge and human capital accumulation.
Three, the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress to economic growth
In recent years, the National Bureau of statistics with the relevant departments to carry out the research work of science and technology progress in quantitative measurement, introduced a set of calculation methods, namely the growth rate equation and Cobb Douglas production function combination method, the specific formula is: EA=Y- alpha K- beta LY * 100%% in EA for scientific and technological progress on economic contribution to the growth of Y is K the average growth rate of output is the average growth rate of the capital, the average growth rate for L alpha labor for the output elasticity of capital and other conditions remain unchanged, the capital increase of 1%, alpha beta for increased output% of the output elasticity of labor, that other conditions remain unchanged, labor an increase of 1%, increase in output, K beta%Y and L can be calculated by the National Bureau of statistics data and search (this press a year a year of data reduction and data, in addition to the data fo
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