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2024年6月英語六級閱讀理解真題
英語六級報名活動開始了，意味著留給大家備考的時間已經不多了。下面是小編分享的2024年英語六級閱讀理解真題，希望能對大家有所幫助!
6月英語六級閱讀理解真題 1
Aimlessness hashardly been typical of the postwar Japan whose productivity and social harmonyare the envy of the United States and Europe. But increasingly the Japanese areseeing a decline of the traditional work-moral values. Ten years ago youngpeople were hard-working and saw their jobs as their primary reason for being,but now Japan has largely fulfilled its economic needs, and young people dontknow where they should go next.
The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of womeninto the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teen-agerswho are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbingJapans rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs. In a recent survey, itwas found that only 24.5 percent of Japanese students were fully satisfied withschool life, compared with 67.2 percent of students in the United States. Inaddition, far more Japanese workers expressed dissatisfaction with their jobsthan did their counterparts in the 10 other countries surveyed.
While often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics,Japanese education tends to stress test taking and mechanical learning overcreativity and self-expression.“Those things that do not show up in the test scores—personality,ability, courage or humanity―are completely ignored,” says Toshiki Kaifu,chairman of the ruling Liberal Democratic Partys education committee.“Frustrationagainst this kind of thing leads kids to drop out and run wild.” Last yearJapan experienced 2,125 incidents of school violence, including 929 assaults onteachers. Amid the outcry, many conservative leaders are seeking a return tothe prewar emphasis on moral education. Last year Mitsuo Setoyama, who was theneducation minister, raised eyebrows when he argued that liberal reformsintroduced by the American occupation authorities after World WarⅡhadweakened the “Japanese morality of respect for parents.”
But that may have more to do with Japanese life-styles. “ In Japan,” sayseducator Yoko Muro,“its never a question of whether you enjoy your job and your life,but only how much you can endure.” With economic growth has come centralization; fully 76 percent ofJapans 119 million citizens live in cities where community and the extendedfamily have been abandoned in favor of isolated, two generation households.Urban Japanese have long endured lengthy commutes (travels to and from work)and crowded living conditions, but as the old group and family values weaken,the discomfort is beginning to tell. In the past decade, the Japanese divorcerate, while still well below that of the United States, has increased by morethan 50 percent, and suicides have increased by nearly one-quarter.
23. In the Westerners’ eyes, the postwar Japan was_____.
[A]under aimless development
[B]a positive example
[C]a rival to the West
[D]on the decline
24. According to the author, what may chiefly be responsible forthe moral decline of Japanese society?
[A]Womens participation in social activities is limited
[B]More workers are dissatisfied with their jobs
[C]Excessive emphasis has been placed on the basics
[D]The life-style has been influenced by Western values
25. Which of the following is true according to the author?
[A]Japanese education is praised for helping the young climb thesocial ladder
[B]Japanese education is characterized by mechanical learning aswell as creativity
[C]More stress should be placed on the cultivation of creativity
[D]Dropping out leads to frustration against test taking
26. The change in Japanese life-style is revealed in the factthat____.
[A]the young are less tolerant of discomforts in life
[B]the divorce rate in Japan exceeds that in the U.S
[C]the Japanese endure more than ever before
[D]the Japanese appreciate their present life
解析
23. In the Westerners’eyes, the postwar Japan was_____.
在西方人看來，戰后的日本是_____。
[A]under aimless development 盲目發展
[B]a positive example 一個積極的例子
[C]a rival to the West 西方的競爭對手
[D]on the decline 在衰退中
【答案】 B
【考點】 事實細節題。
【分析】 文章第一段第一句就指出，“盲目性不是戰后日本的特色，它的生產率和社會的和諧為美國和歐洲所羨慕。”也就是說是一個積極的正面的例子。[A]違反了第一句。[C]選項和[D]選項不是本文談論的話題。
24. According to the author, what may chiefly be responsible for themoral decline of Japanese society?
根據本文作者的觀點，日本社會道德滑坡的主要原因是什么?
[A] Womens participation in social activities is limited.
婦女參加社會活動受到限制。
[B] More workers are dissatisfied with their jobs.
越來越多的工人對自己的工作感到不滿。
[C] Excessive emphasis has been placed on the basics.
過多地注重基礎教育。
[D] The life-style has been influenced by Western values.
生活方式受西方價值觀的影響。
【答案】 D
【考點】 事實細節題。
【分析】 文中第一段指出日本人正在逐漸經歷傳統工作道德價值觀的日益滑坡，說“十年前，年輕人工作努力，將工作看作是生存(being)的重要動力”，但是，日本目前在很大程度上滿足了其經濟發展的需要，年輕人反而不知道下一步的發展目標了。具體提到道德滑坡是在第三段，文中提到校園暴力，提到“保守黨領導人正在力圖重新重視戰前那種道德教育”，“Mitsuo Setoyama”更是冒出“驚人之語”(raise the eyebrows)，他堅持認為二戰后美國占領當局引進的'自由改革削弱了“日本人尊敬父母的道德觀”。而在下文，作者更是直接提出，“但是，這可能和日本人的生活方式關系更大。人們已經拋棄了社區和大家庭，而更加喜歡單門獨戶的兩代人構成的家庭，舊的集體和家庭價值觀被削弱”。由此可見，本題的答案就是[D]選項。
25. Which of the following is true according to the author?
在作者看來，以下哪一個是正確的?
[A] Japanese education is praised for helping the young climb thesocial ladder.
日本的教育受人稱道，因為它有助于年輕人攀登社會階梯。
[B] Japanese education is characterized by mechanical learning aswell as creativity.
日本教育的特點就是既有機械性的學習又有創造力的培養。
[C] More stress should be placed on the cultivation of creativity.
應該更加強調創造力的培養上。
[D] Dropping out leads to frustration against test taking.
輟學導致了對應試的挫折感。
【答案】 C
【考點】 作者觀點題。
【分析】 [A]說法是錯誤的，因為日本的教育受到外國人贊賞的原因是“它強調整礎教育”。[B]說法是錯誤的，因為文中提到“它強調考試和機械學習而不是創造性和自我表現”。[C]是正確的，因為文中提到“它強調考試和機械學習超過創造性和自我表現”�！澳切┰诳挤种胁荒荏w現的東西——個性、能力、勇氣或人性——完全被忽視了，”執政的自民黨教育委員會主席“Toshiki Kaifu”說，“這類事情造成的挫折致使孩子輟學以及變得狂野”，這說明日本應該更加強調創造力的培養。[D]的說法是錯誤的，因為文中說“這類事情造成的挫折致使孩子輟學以及變得狂野”，該選項故意混淆了原因和結果。
26. The change in Japanese life-style is revealed in the factthat____.
日本人生活方式的變化體現在下面的一個事實中。
[A] the young are less tolerant of discomforts in life
年輕人對現實生活中困苦的忍受力下降
[B] the divorce rate in Japan exceeds that in the U.S.
日本的離婚率超過美國的
[C] the Japanese endure more than ever before
日本人忍受的東西比以前更多了
[D] the Japanese appreciate their present life
日本人欣賞他們目前的生活
【答案】 A
【考點】 事實細節題。
【分析】 文中提到教育家“YokoMuro”。他說“在日本，你喜歡不喜歡自己的工作和生活，這從來都不是問題，問題是你有多大的承受力”。然后在最后一段里面提到“家庭結構的改變，舊的集體和家庭價值觀的削弱，人們的不滿凸現”。也就是說“日本人以前默默地忍受生活的困苦，但是，現在年輕的日本人覺得這種犧牲太大，對此產生了逆反情緒”。因此可以判定“日本人的生活方式的變化體現年輕人對現實生活中的困苦忍受力下降”。[B]的說法是錯誤的，因為根據第四段最后一句，“日本人的離婚率仍然低于美國人的”。[C]在文中找不到很據。[D]可以根據“最近一次調查發現只有24.5%的日本學生對學校生活完全滿意，相比之下，美國學生的比例是62.7%。此外，與被調查的其他10個國家的工人相比，對自身工作表示不滿的日本工人多得多”進行排除。
6月英語六級閱讀理解真題 2
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Pursuing a career is an essential part of adolescent development.“The adolescent becomes an adult when he_26_a real job.”To cognitive researchers like Piaget,adulthood meant the beginning of an_27_.
Piaget argued that once adolescents enter the world of work,their newly acquired ability to form hypotheses allows them to create representations that are too ideal.The_28_of such ideals,without the tempering of the reality of a job or profession,rapidly leads adolescents to become _29_ of the non-idealistic world and to press for reform in a characteristically adolescent way.Piaget said:“True adaptation to society comes_30_when the adolescent reformer attempts to put his ideas to work.”
Of course,youthful idealism is often courageous,and no one likes to give up dreams.Perhaps,taken_31_out of context,Piaget’s statement seems harsh.What he was_32_，however,is the way reality can modify idealistic views.Some people refer to such modification as maturity.Piaget argued that attaining and accepting a vocation is one of the best ways to modify idealized views and to mature.
As careers and vocations become less available during times of _33_,adolescents may be especially hard hit.Such difficult economic times may leave many adolescents_34_about their roles in society.For this reason,community interventions and government job programs that offer summer and vacation work are not only economically_35_but also help to stimulate the adolescent’s sense of worth.
A)automatically I)incidentally
B)beneficial J)intolerant
C)capturing K)occupation
D)confused L)promises
E)emphasizing M)recession
F)entrance N)slightly
G)excited O)undertakes
H)existence
Section B
Directions:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Can societies be rich and green?
[A]“If our economies are to flourish,if global poverty is to be eliminated and if the well-being of the world’s people enhanced—not just in this generation but in succeeding generations—we must make sure we take care of the natural environment and resources on which our economic activity depends.”That statement comes not,as you might imagine,from a stereotypical tree-hugging,save-the-world greenie(環保主義者),but from Gordon Brown,a politician with a reputation for rigour,thoroughness and above all,caution.
[B]A surprising thing for the man who runs one of the world’s most powerful economies to say?Perhaps;though in the run-up to the five-year review of the Millennium(千年的)Goals,he is far from alone.The roots of his speech,given in March at the roundtable meeting of environment and energy ministers from the G20 group of nations,stretch back to 1972,and the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm.
[C]“The protection and improvement of the human environment is a major issue which affects the well-being of peoples and economic development throughout the world,”read the final declaration from this gathering,the first of a sequence which would lead to the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit in 1992 and the World Development Summit in Johannesburg three years ago.
[D]Hunt through the reports prepared by UN agencies and development groups—many for conferences such as this year’s Millennium Goals review—and you will find that the linkage between environmental protection and economic progress is a common thread.
[E]Managing ecosystems sustainably is more profitable than exploiting them,according to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment.But finding hard evidence to support the thesis is not so easy.Thoughts turn first to some sort of global statistic,some indicator which would rate the wealth of nations in both economic and environmental terms and show a relationship between the two.
[F]If such an indicator exists,it is well hidden.And on reflection,this is not surprising;the single word“environment”has so many dimensions,and there are so many other factors affecting wealth—such as the oil deposits—that teasing out a simple economy-environment relationship would be almost impossible.
[G]The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment,a vast four-year global study which reported its initial conclusions earlier this year,found reasons to believe that managing ecosystems sustainably—working with nature rather than against it—might be less profitable in the short term,but certainly brings long-term rewards.
[H]And the World Resources Institute(WRI)in its World Resources 2005 report,issued at the end of August,produced several such examples from Africa and Asia;it also demonstrated that environmental degradation affects the poor more than the rich,as poorer people derive a much higher proportion of their income directly from the natural resources around them.
[I]But there are also many examples of growing wealth by trashing the environment,in rich and poor parts of the world alike,whether through unregulated mineral extraction,drastic water use for agriculture,slash-and-burn farming,or fossil-fuel-guzzling(大量消耗)transport.Of course,such growth may not persist in the long term—which is what Mr.Brown and the Stockholm declaration were both attempting to point out.Perhaps the best example of boom growth and bust decline is the Grand Banks fishery.For almost five centuries a very large supply of cod(鱈魚)provided abundant raw material for an industry which at its peak employed about 40,000 people,sustaining entire communities in Newfoundland.Then,abruptly,the cod population collapsed.There were no longer enough fish in the sea for the stock to maintain itself,let alone an industry.More than a decade later,there was no sign of the ecosystem re-building itself.It had,apparently,been fished out of existence;and the once mighty Newfoundland fleet now gropes about frantically for crab on the sea floor.
[J]There is a view that modern humans are inevitably sowing the seed of a global Grand Banks-style disaster.The idea is that we are taking more out of what you might call the planet’s environmental bank balance than it can sustain;we are living beyond our ecological means.One recent study attempted to calculate the extent of this“ecological overshoot of the human economy”,and found that we are using 1.2 Earth’s-worth of environmental goods and services—the implication being that at some point the debt will be called in,and all those services—the things which the planet does for us for free—will grind to a halt.
[K]Whether this is right,and if so where and when the ecological axe will fall,is hard to determine with any precision—which is why governments and financial institutions are only beginning to bring such risks into their economic calculations.It is also the reason why development agencies are not united in their view of environmental issues;while some,like the WRI,maintain that environmental progress needs to go hand-in-hand with economic development,others argue that the priority is to build a thriving economy,and then use the wealth created to tackle environmental degradation.
[L]This view assumes that rich societies will invest in environmental care.But is this right?Do things get better or worse as we get richer? Here the Stockholm declaration is ambiguous.“In the developing countries,”it says,“most of the environmental problems are caused by under-development.”So it is saying that economic development should make for a cleaner world?Not necessarily;“In the industralised countries,environmental problems are generally related to industrialisation and technological development,”it continues.In other words,poor and rich both over-exploit the natural world,but for different reasons.It’s simply not true that economic growth will surely make our world cleaner.
[M]Clearly,richer societies are able to provide environmental improvements which lie well beyond the reach of poorer communities.Citizens of wealthy nations demand national parks,clean rivers,clean air and poison-free food.They also,however,use far more natural resources-fuel,water(all those baths and golf courses)and building materials.
[N]A case can be made that rich nations export environmental problems,the most graphic example being climate change.As a country’s wealth grows,so do its greenhouse gas emissions.The figures available will not be completely accurate.Measuring emissions is not a precise science, particularly when it comes to issues surrounding land use;not all nations have re-leased up-to-date data,and in any case,emissions from some sectors such as aviation are not included in national statistics.But the data is exact enough for a clear trend to be easily discernible.As countries become richer,they produce more greenhouse gases;and the impact of those gases will fall primarily in poor parts of the world.
[O]Wealth is not,of course,the only factor involved.The average Norwegian is better off than the average US citizen,but contributes about half as much to climate change.But could Norway keep its standard of living and yet cut its emissions to Moroccan or even Ethiopian levels?That question,repeated across a dozen environmental issues and across our diverse planet,is what will ultimately determine whether the human race is living beyond its ecological means as it pursues economic revival.
36.Examples show that both rich and poor countries exploited the environment for economic progress.
37.Environmental protection and improvement benefit people all over the world.
38.It is not necessarily true that economic growth will make our world cleaner.
39.The common theme of the UN reports is the relation between environmental protection and economic growth.
40.Development agencies disagree regarding how to tackle environment issues while ensuring economic progress.
41.It is difficult to find solid evidence to prove environmental friendliness generates more profits than exploiting the natural environment.
42.Sustainable management of ecosystems will prove rewarding in the long run.
43.A politician noted for being cautious asserts that sustainable human development depends on the natural environment.
44.Poor countries will have to bear the cost for rich nations’ economic development.
45.One recent study warns us of the danger of the exhaustion of natural resources on Earth.
Section C
Directions:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Interactive television advertising, which allows viewers to use their remote controls to click on advertisements, has been pushed for years. Nearly a decade ago it was predicted that viewers of “Friends”, a popular situation comedy, would soon be able to purchase a sweater like Jennifer Aniston’s with a few taps on their remote control.“It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years,”says Colin Dixon of a digital-media consultancy.
So the news that Cablevision, and American cable company, was rolling out interactive advertisements to all its customers on October 6th was greeted with some skepticism. During commercials, an overlay will appear at the bottom of the screen, prompting viewers to press a button to request a free sample or order a catalogue. Cablevision hopes to allow customers to buy things with their remote controls early next year.
Television advertising could do with a boost. Spending fell by 10% in the first half of the year. The popularization of digital video recorders has caused advertisers to worry that their commercials will be skipped. Some are turning to the Internet, which is cheaper and offers concrete measurements like click-through rates—especially important at a time when marketing budgets are tight. With the launch of interactive advertising,“many of the dollars that went to the Internet will come back to the TV,”says David Kline of Cablevision. Or so the industry hopes.
In theory, interactive advertising can engage viewers in a way that 30-second spots do not. Unilever recently ran an interactive campaign for its Axe deodorant(除臭劑)，which kept viewers engaged for more than three minutes on average.
The amount spent on interactive advertising on television is still small. Magna, an advertising agency, reckons it will be worth about $138 million this year. That falls far short of the billions of dollars people once expected it to generate. But DirecTV, Comcast and Time Warner Cable have all invested in it. A new effort led by Canoe Ventures, a coalition of leading cable providers, aims to make interactive advertising available across America later this year. BrightLine iTV, Which designs and sells interactive ads, says interest has surged: it expects its revenues almost to triple this year. BSkyB, Britain’s biggest satellite-television service, already provides 9 million customers with interactive ads.
Yet there are doubts whether people watching television, a“lean back”medium, crave interaction. Click-through rates have been high so far(around 3-4%, compared with less than 0.3% online), but that may be a result of the novelty. Interactive ads and viewers might not go well together.
46.What does Colin Dixon mean by saying“It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years”(Lines 4-5, Para.1)?
A)Interactive television advertising will become popular in 10-12 years.
B)Interactive television advertising has been under debate for the last decade or so.
C)Interactive television advertising is successful when incorporated into situation comedies.
D)Interactive television advertising has not achieved the anticipated results.
47.What is the public’s response to Cablevision’s planned interactive TV advertising program?
A)Pretty positive.
B)Totally indifferent.
C)Somewhat doubtful.
D)Rather critical.
48.What is the impact of the wide use of digital video recorders on TV advertising?
A)It has made TV advertising easily accessible to viewers.
B)It helps advertisers to measure the click-through rates.
C)It has placed TV advertising at a great disadvantage.
D)It enables viewers to check the sales items with ease.
49.What do we learn about Unilever’s interactive campaign?
A)It proves the advantage of TV advertising.
B)It has done well in engaging the viewers.
C)It helps attract investments in the company.
D)it has boosted the TV advertising industry.
50.How does the author view the hitherto high click-through rates?
A)They may be due to the novel way of advertising.
B)They signify the popularity of interactive advertising.
C)They point to the growing curiosity ofTV viewers.
D)They indicate the future direction of media reform.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
What can be done about mass unemployment? All the wise heads agree: there’re no quick or easy answers. There’s work to be done, but workers aren’t ready to do it—they’re in the wrong places, or they have the wrong skills, Our problems are“structural,”and will take many years to solve.
But don’t bother asking for evidence that justifies this bleak view. There isn’t any. On the contrary, all the facts suggest that high unemployment in America is the result of inadequate demand. saying that there’re no easy answers sounds wise. But it’s actually foolish: our unemployment crisis could be cured very quickly if we had the intellectual clarity and political will to act. In other words, structural unemployment is a fake problem, which mainly serves as an excuse for not pursing real solutions.
The fact is job openings have plunged in every major sector, while the number of workers forced into part-time employment in almost all industries has soared. Unemployment has surged in every major occupational category. Only three states. With a combined population not much larger than that of Brooklyn, have unemployment rates below 5%. So the evidence contradicts the claim that we’re mainly suffering from structural unemployment. Why, then, has this claim become so popular?
Part of the answer is that this is what always happens during periods of high unemployment—in part because experts and analysts believe that declaring the problem deeply rooted, with no easy answers, makes them sound serious.
I’ve been looking at what self-proclaimed experts were saying about unemployment during the Great Depression; it was almost identical to what Very Serious People are saying now. Unemployment cannot be brought down rapidly, declared one 1935 analysis, because the workforce is“unadaptable and untrained. It cannot respond to the opportunities which industry may offer.”A few years later, a large defense buildup finally provided a fiscal stimulus adequate to the economy’s needs—and suddenly industry was eager to employ those“unadaptable and untrained”workers.
But now, as then, powerful forces are ideologically opposed to the whole idea of government action on a sufficient scale to jump-start the economy. And that, fundamentally, is why claims that we face huge structural problems have been multiplying: they offer a reason to do nothing about the mass unemployment that is crippling out economy and our society.
So what you need to know is that there’s no evidence whatsoever to back these claims. We aren’t suffering from a shortage of needed skills, We’re suffering from a lack of policy resolve. As I said, structural unemployment isn’t a real problem, it’s an excuse—a reason not to act on America’s problems at a time when action is desperately needed.
51.What does the author think is the root cause of mass unemployment in America?
A)Corporate mismanagement.
B)Insufficient demand.
C)Technological advances.
D)Workers’ slow adaptation.
52.What does the author think of the experts’ claim concerning unemployment?
A)Self-evident.
B)Thought-provoking.
C)Irrational.
D)Groundless.
53.What does the author say helped bring down unemployment during the Great Depression?
A)The booming defense industry.
B)The wise heads’ benefit package.
C)Nationwide training of workers.
D)Thorough restructuring of industries.
54.What has caused claims of huge structural problems to multiply?
A)Powerful opposition to government’s stimulus efforts.
B)Very Serious People’s attempt to cripple the economy.
C)Evidence gathered from many sectors of the industries.
D)Economists’ failure to detect the problems in time.
55.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A)To testify to the experts’ analysis of America’s problems.
B)To offer a feasible solution to the structural unemployment.
C)To show the urgent need for the government to take action.
D)To alert American workers to the urgency for adaptation.
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