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2016年同等學(xué)力申碩考試英語(yǔ)練習(xí)題與答案
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【閱讀理解】
篇一：
Iron production was revolutionized in the early eighteenth century when coke was first used instead of charcoal(木炭) for refining iron ore.Previously the poor quality of the iron had restricted its use in architecture to items such as chains and tie bars for supporting arches，vaults (拱頂)，and walls.With the improvement in refining ore, it was now possible to make cast-iron beams and columns.During the nineteenth century further advances were made, notably Bessemer’s process for converting iron into steel，which made the material more commercially feasible.
Iron was rapidly adopted for the construction of bridges, because its strength was far greater than that of stone or timber，but its use in the architecture of buildings developed more slowly.By 1800 a complete internal iron skeleton for buildings had been developed in industrial architecture replacing traditional timber beams，but it generally remained concealed.Apart from its low cost，the appeal of iron as a building material lay in its strength，its resistance to fire，and its potential to span vast areas.As a result，iron became increasingly popular as a structural material for more traditional styles of architecture during the nineteenth century，but it was invariably concealed.
Significantly，the use of exposed iron occurred mainly in the new building types produced by the Industrial Revolution：in factories，warehouses，commercial offices，exhibition halls，and railroad stations，where its practical advantages far outweighed its lack of status.Designers of the railroad stations of the new age explored the potential of iron，covering huge areas with spans that surpassed the great vaults of medieval churches and cathedrals.Paxton’s Crystal Palace，designed to house the Great Exhibition of 1851, covered an area of 1848 feet by 408 feet in assembled units of glass set in iron frames.The Paris Exhibition of 1889 included both the widest span and the greatest height achieved so far with the Halle des Machines，spanning 362 feet，and the Eiffel Tower 1，000 feet high.However，these achievements were mocked by the artists of Paris as expensive and ugly foolishness.Iron，despite its structural advantages，had little aesthetic(審美的) status.The use of an exposed iron structure in the more traditional styles of architecture was slower to develop.
1.What does the passage mainly discuss?
A) Advances in iron processing in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
B) The effects of the Industrial Revolution on traditional architectural styles.
C) Advantages of stone and timber over steel as building materials.
D) The evolution of the use of iron in architecture.
2.Iron replaced stone and timber in the building of bridges because iron was considered ___________.
A) more beautiful B) new and modern
C) much stronger D) easier to transport
3.According to paragraph 3，the architectural significance of the Halle des Machines was its___________.
A) wide span B) great height
C) unequaled beauty D) assembled units of glass
4.How did the artists react to the buildings at the Paris Exhibition?
A) They tried to copy them. B) They laughed at them.
C) They praised them.D) They refused to pay to see them.
5.It can be inferred that the delayed use of exposed iron structures in traditional styles of architecture is best explained by ______________.
A) the impracticality of using iron for small，noncommercial buildings
B) the association of iron architecture with the problems of the Industrial Revolution
C) the general belief that iron offered less resistance to fire and harsh weather than traditional materials
D) the general perception that iron structures were not beautiful in appearance
【答案解析】
1.D)。通觀全文可以看出文章的主題是不是iron，因此可以排除B)和c)。A)的中心詞是process，D)是use，文章的主體部分，即第二和第三段是在講iron在建筑中的作用，因此選D)。
2.c)。題中比較了iron、stone和timber，根據(jù)這三個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞可以找到原文的第二段…its(即iron's)strength was far greater than that of stone or timber一句的意思即it is much stronger。
3.A)。對(duì)應(yīng)原文的第三段，其中提到the Paris Exhibition of 1889具有兩大特點(diǎn)the widest span和the greatest height，分別對(duì)應(yīng)the Halle des Machines和the Eiffel Tower。因此答案是A)。
4.B)。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第三句話，巴黎的藝術(shù)家們說(shuō)這些建筑是expensive and ugly foolishness，可見(jiàn)mock在此處的意思不是“模仿”，而足“嘲笑”。
5.D) 題干中提到的the delayed use of exposed iron structures in traditional styles of architecture與文章最后一句The use of an exposed iron structure in the more traditional styles of architecture was slower to develop意思是一致的。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句話所說(shuō)的little aesthetic status不具備什么審美價(jià)值，可選出答案為D)。
篇二：
Four months before Crown Prince Felipe says“si” (‘yes’in Spanish) to television journalist Letizia Ortiz，royal wedding fever is gripping Spain.
Shops are offering the biggest variety of wedding souvenirs (紀(jì)念品)，from plates and bottleopeners to copies of the couple’s engagement ring.
The couple have made only a few carefully staged public appearances to reduce the scrutiny(仔細(xì)檢查).\;
Spanish people waited for more than a decade for the 36-year-old son of King Juan Carlos and Queen Sofia to find a suitable bride.And more important，the May 22 wedding will be a landmark event in other ways.
Letizia Ortiz Rocasolano，31，is the daughter of a nurse and a journalist.So, she will be the first commoner on a throne once occupied by Queen Isabella, who sent Christopher Columbus to the Americas.
The pretty，elegant former news anchor(新聞主持人) will also become Spain’s first home-grown queen in more than a century.The lively and professionally accomplished Letizia has been welcomed by Spanish people as a new type of queen for a modern monarchy.
Spanish people were accustomed to seeing her in television news broadcasts and she arouses tremendous curiosity.Journalists are investigating even the most ordinary aspects of her past which resembles that of so many other young Spanish professional women.
Spanish people have also taken note that she tried to interrupt the prince when they talked to the press after getting engaged in November.“Let me talk，” she told the heir to the Bourbon throne.
Such behavior is regarded as uuderstandable in a woman who went to Mexico by herself at age 23 and later reported on the September 11 terrorist attacks and the Iraq war for state television TVE.
Her strong character，frankness and critical mind could also be disadvantages for a royal who is rarely expected to speak her mind，reporters have said.
The palace has struggled to protect her from scrutiny and to give her time to adapt to her new role.
1.By saying“royal wedding fever” (Line 2，Para.1)，the author means“ ______ ”.
A) a lot of royal weddings follow
B) the Spanish people are surprised at the royal wedding
C) the royal wedding makes a stir in the whole country
D) the royal wedding becomes a fashion
2.The most important reason why royal wedding causes such a great interest is that___________.
A) a commoner is married into a royal family B) the prince finally finds his bride
C) a famous TV journalist gets married D) the wedding is expensive
3.Letizia used to be a news anchor who was ____________.
A) world-famous B) frank C) serious D) capable
4.Letizia’s interruption of the prince when they talked to the press was most probably prompted by her____________.
A) curiosity B) innocence C) outspokenness D) rudeness
5.The difficulty for Letizia to fit in the royal life may lie in__________ .
A) how to meet the requirements of the Queen
B) how to change her character to fit in the royal family
C) how to continue her career after marriage
D) how to face her former audience as a princess
【答案解析】
1.C)。royal wedding fever 的說(shuō)法出現(xiàn)在第一段，因此可以考慮在第一段或者在緊隨其后的第二段中找相關(guān)解釋。第二段舉例說(shuō)國(guó)內(nèi)商店出售很多與 Crown Prince Felipe and Letizia Ortiz 婚禮有關(guān)的各種各樣的紀(jì)念品，可見(jiàn)他們的婚禮給全國(guó)帶來(lái)了轟動(dòng)。
2.A)。文章第四段 more important 以及 landmark 提示我們這次婚禮的特別之處在下一段會(huì)得到進(jìn)一步的解釋。從第五段中的關(guān)鍵部分 the first commoner on a throne 可得出答案是 A)。
3.D)。第六段中對(duì) Letizia 的職業(yè)生涯的評(píng)價(jià)是 professionally accomplished，換言之就是 capable“能干的”。
4.C)。倒數(shù)第二、三段提到新聞主播的工作促成了 Letizia 本人的 strong character，包括 frankness 和 critical mind。此題中所說(shuō)的她面對(duì)媒體打斷 prince 的說(shuō)話正是她 frank 或 outspoken 的性格使然。
5.B)。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段 Her strong character，frankness and critical mind could also be disadvantages for a royal who is rarely expected to speak her mind 可知 Letizia 要適應(yīng)皇家生活，如何在自己的個(gè)性與皇室要求之間找到平衡是最重要的。
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