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      1. иƂ俼h

        lrg:2017-08-17 ݋:younian

        1“иxҪxȫĆ?”

        ETSƬThe Life of An ItemV҂һx헵OӋֹ“__ģe`e`”߀Ҫ_“all the passage is covered by items”xxȫΰÿһx?

        2“Wgиɿ?”

        иԇxӢZZԜyԇԓעڜyԇW“Z”⿼쿼“Wg֪R”ԓ}ETSаlF.RobinشfиҲCriterion-Referenced|@ɱʹÌWgõČWڿԇռЃ

        3PIʲô?

        ETSuB.SuomiŮʿ˼Ļشdeveloping your ideaҲLJ@^c(})Mжչ_Ȼǰǵ^c_ӢZ

        4ʲôǿԇеy}?

        ETSuB.SuomiŮʿJA difficult item requires sophisticated reasoning or understanding of a high level concept, not because it tests obscure or esoteric matter.

        5ܲx?

        “иxµLȱc}Ŀƥ”@x}ĿOӋԭt“xŸoUԒ”mETSxԇҪˈDxҪ܉xȫIJ}PϢЩͬWf“MxǴ_xôk?” ETSB.SuomiŮʿĽhȻŬx£keep reading, keep practicing.

        6֔Ҫ?

        ETSuJ.Bardشǿ϶ġx}Ҳܿ錑ǿ鲻productivityֻʹ^}ʽܿWλrgȵĮa@ҲZҪwF|֔ͬҪZͬ

        SadekŮʿf֔Խ෸eĿԾԽŶ!300DZ^ǡһƪ²ڌ˶֣չ_ՓC}Ŀ(Topic development is the most important issue here.) ͬrеfNo memorized language! ҪģŶ!

        7“h۷ֆ”?

        ETSŮ醾팣KimfǵhǞ醾ĹƽԣhĴ}oµϼ醾õijɿпܸڵڻԭгɿXؔһģhLUX֔

        8ܶͬW˛_ķ^ƫ}y}ό?

        Ҫ^eETS}Federic Robin_fIf we intend for an item to be difficult, we make certain that it is difficult because it requires sophisticated reasoning or understanding of a high-level concept, not because it tests obscure or esoteric matter.Ҳf@y}߉݋s߸@ǿԽܵr;@Щy}ݻޝWҊô@N}һ҂ҪԵIJ

        9ɷ^ؼų“O~R”x?

        ٷڳ}ĕrѽx@Щ~oYxFederekf“Distracters(wrong options) should not include specific determiners(“always”/“never”)”.

        10΁ÿһx}?

        x}ĵһxǽ^܃HHMڵһ, һҪŪÿ_x_ԭͬrÿһe`xe`ԭETS}AshmoreV҂}ĕr@ôģᘌÿһ}һҪѴ𰸵ԭضx_

        • Articulate why each distracter(wrong option) is wrong

        • Consider whether you could defend the key(right option) to an examinee.

        11}DzһҪļ?Щ߅߅߅ǵļɲܕ?

        ETSنTJefffÿһ}ĿOӋĕr}߶ԼDoes the item measure something worth measuring, or is it trivial and unimportant?OӋFЎׂɆTxtĕ@}Ŀڳ}ĕrҲO_xlength, complexity,or diction stand out.

        12Z@NsubjectiveĿԇƽ?

        1).ÿһZresponseǶһrater(Œ,ETSvf17350raters......)ĵDZSCķֽoͬratersģ@ӾͿԴpͬһraterɶӰijһ˵ķ֔MCƽ

        2).ZģǴ_е.v˷һοпZdz˜ʣҲdzǾ܇AԒmڶ}ĿĴ]Ќ|ݣıٽo˺ܵ͵ķ֔

        13Zԇе¼?

        ٸV҂ஔtest takersڿZԇĕrfI hate ETS.You make my life miserable.I am so mad about you. ж@ӵtest takersrٟoεЦЦfmore than you could expect.

        ؟•վϢԴھWjDddzڂfϢ֮Ŀģζٝͬ^cCݵ挍CϢĺʴ_ԺԣҲϢIJʴ_z©µκΓpʧpГ؟WվϢH׺ͷյĸʹñWYϰlƫվŲؓ؟಻ؓκη؟ΣCKጙ

        ]
        T]
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