論《美麗新世界》對烏托邦文學主題的解構
畢業論文
On Deconstruction of the Utopian Theme in Brave New World
Abstract
The optimistic traditional Utopia literature theme has turned into pessimistic dystopian (anti-utopian) literature since the twentieth century. The novel Brave New World written by Aldous Huxley is such a representative works of anti-utopian novels. This thesis mainly focuses on analyzing the deconsctrucion of the utopian theme in Brave New World. The author first introduces the development and the characteristics of utopia and anti-utopia literature. “Utopia” seems to be an ideal place to live but we can find the situation in the New World looks more absurd than what we imagined,the new world is not so beautiful ,the social system is absurd, while individual freedom and activities are restrained, so people who lived in the new world is not so happy and want to escape.
Key Words: utopia; dystopia; deconstruction; Brave New World; escape
摘 要
樂觀向上的傳統烏托邦文學在20世紀逐漸發展成了對未來悲觀、對現實失望的反烏托邦文學。赫胥黎的《美麗新世界》就是這么1部反烏托邦文學的.力作。該書不僅在思想上反映了赫胥黎對人類發展趨勢深刻獨到的見解,在藝術上也突破了傳統烏托邦小說流于說教的弊病而具有較高的藝術價值。本文主要闡釋《美麗新世界》對烏托邦文學主題的解構。作者首先論述了烏托邦文學及反烏托邦文學的發展及其特點；“烏托邦”是1個美好的設想，然而，《美麗新世界》中所描述的世界并不美麗，它不僅制約人的自由和行為，而且它的社會體系也是荒唐的；因此，生活在“新世界”里的人們是不幸的，而正是這種不幸導致了人們的“逃離”。
關鍵詞： 烏托邦、反烏托邦、解構、《美麗新世界》、逃離
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