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      1. 英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法解析

        時(shí)間:2020-08-02 14:22:17 基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ) 我要投稿

        英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法解析

          英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法強(qiáng)調(diào)句知識(shí)點(diǎn):一道強(qiáng)調(diào)句易錯(cuò)考題分析

          【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼,因?yàn)閺?fù)雜難懂的句式和詞組有時(shí)難以記憶。為大家整理了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全,希望對(duì)同學(xué)們的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。

        英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法解析

          下面這個(gè)句子是考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句嗎?答案是哪個(gè)?

          It was what he meant rather than what he said _________ annoyed me.

          A. which B. as C. what D. that

          許多同學(xué)對(duì)此題的結(jié)構(gòu)分析感到無(wú)從下手。其實(shí),此題為一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,空格處應(yīng)填 that (即選D),被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為 what he meant rather than what he said。句意為“讓我生氣的不是他說(shuō)的話(huà),而是他話(huà)中的意思”。請(qǐng)?jiān)倏磶桌?/p>

          (1) It was his nervousness in the interview _________ probably lost him the job.

          A. which B. since C. that D. what

          答案選C,為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為 his nervousness in the interview,句意為“很可能是面試時(shí)表現(xiàn)出緊張,使他失去了這份工作”。

          (2) It is the ability to do the job _________ matters not where you come from or what you are.

          A. one B. that C. what D. it

          答案選B,為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為 the ability to do the job,句意為“重要的是你做工作的能力,而不是你來(lái)自何地或你是從事什么工作的”。

          英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法倒裝句知識(shí)點(diǎn):讓步狀語(yǔ)從句倒裝用法系統(tǒng)歸納

          【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼,因?yàn)閺?fù)雜難懂的句式和詞組有時(shí)難以記憶。為大家整理了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全,希望對(duì)同學(xué)們的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。

          有這樣一道考題:

          _________, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.

          A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be

          C. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student

          這道題很有一定難度。具體說(shuō)來(lái),它主要涉及兩個(gè)考點(diǎn):一是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句倒裝后的詞序問(wèn)題。讓步狀語(yǔ)從句之所以要采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),主要是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)位于句首的名詞、形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞等,其詞序形式為:被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分+as / though + 主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞。二是在倒裝的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中,位于句首的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞是否帶冠詞的問(wèn)題。按照英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣,英語(yǔ)中的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞在泛指時(shí),一般要有不定冠詞的修飾,但是位于倒裝讓步狀語(yǔ)從句句首的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞是個(gè)例外,即使泛指其前也不加不定冠詞。由此可知,上面這道考題的答案應(yīng)為B。

          為了幫助大家全面掌握讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的倒裝用法,本文將這類(lèi)語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象歸納為以下五種句型:

          一、名詞+as / though+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞

          King as he was, he was unhappy. 他雖是國(guó)王,但他并不幸福。

          Child as he is, he knows to help other. 他雖是個(gè)孩子,但卻知道幫助別人。

          Teacher though he is, he can’t know everything. 他雖然是老師,但也不可能什么都懂。

          【說(shuō)明】其中的動(dòng)詞通常為連系動(dòng)詞,也就是說(shuō)位于句首的名詞是其后連系動(dòng)詞的表語(yǔ)。另外,要特別注意位于句首的名詞前習(xí)慣上不用冠詞,即使其前有形容詞修飾也不用冠詞。比較:

          Boy as [though] he is, he likes to play with girls.=Though [Although] he is a boy, he likes to play with girls. 他雖是男孩,卻喜歡與女孩子玩。

          Strong man as [though] he is, General Botha has been severely put to the test during the past few weeks.= Though [Although] he is a strong man, General Botha has been severely put to the test during the past few weeks. 波賽將軍雖然堅(jiān)強(qiáng),但在過(guò)去的數(shù)周里也受到了嚴(yán)峻的考驗(yàn)。

          二、形容詞+as / though+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞

          Successful as he is, he is not proud. 他雖然成功,但不驕傲。

          Improbable as it seems, it’s true. 雖然看起來(lái)不太可能,但卻是真的。

          Stupid as it sounds,I was so in love with her that I believed her. 盡管聽(tīng)起來(lái)很愚蠢,我是如此愛(ài)她竟然相信了她的話(huà)。

          Patient as he was,he didn’t like waiting that long. 他雖說(shuō)有耐心,也不愿等這么長(zhǎng)。

          Beautiful though the necklace was,we thought it was over-priced. 那條項(xiàng)鏈雖然很漂亮,我們認(rèn)為價(jià)錢(qián)太高。

          【說(shuō)明】其中的動(dòng)詞也通常為連系動(dòng)詞,也就是說(shuō)位于句首的形容詞是其后連系動(dòng)詞的.表語(yǔ)。

          三、副詞+as / though+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞

          Much as I like Paris, I couldn’t live there. 盡管我喜歡巴黎,但我不能住在那里。

          Hard though they tried, they couldn’t make her change her mind. 盡管他們做了很大努力,卻沒(méi)法讓她改變主意。

          Fast as you read, you can’t finish the book in two days. 盡管你讀得很快,你總不能在兩天之內(nèi)就讀完這本書(shū)。

          He was unable to make much progress, hard as he tried. 盡管他做了努力,卻未能取得很大進(jìn)步。

          Heavily as it is raining, the football game has been decided not to be put off. 盡管雨下得很大,但還是決定不推遲足球比賽。

          【說(shuō)明】有的詞典將much as 作為習(xí)語(yǔ)看待,認(rèn)為它是一個(gè)用以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合連詞。再如:

          Much as I admire him as a writer,I do not like him as a man. 他作為一名作家我很佩服他,但我卻不喜歡他這個(gè)人。

          Much as I like you, I couldn’t live with you. 我盡管很喜歡你, 卻不能和你在一起生活。

          四、動(dòng)詞原形+as / though+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞

          Object as you may, I’ll go. 縱使你反對(duì),我也要去。

          Try as he might, he couldn’t solve the problem. 盡管他想方設(shè)法,卻未解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

          Search as they would, they would find nobody in the house. 無(wú)論怎樣搜查,他們?cè)诜孔永锶匀粵](méi)有找到一個(gè)人。

          Dislike him as we may, we must acknowledge his greatness. 盡管我們不喜歡他,但必須承認(rèn)他的偉大。

          Lose money as I did, we got a lot of experience. 錢(qián)雖然丟了,我們卻得到了許多經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

          Fail in the election as he did, he became famous for his fiery speech against slavery. 盡管落選了,但他卻以其反對(duì)奴隸制的激烈演說(shuō)而出了名。

          【說(shuō)明】主語(yǔ)后的動(dòng)詞通常為may, might, would, did 等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞(若表示情態(tài)意義,則選用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞;若陳述事實(shí),則用did, do 等助動(dòng)詞)。

          五、分詞+as / though+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞

          Raining hard as it is, I’m going out for a walk. 雖然正在下著大雨,我還是要出去散步。

          Surrounded as we were by the enemy, we managed to march forward. 雖然我們被敵人包圍著,但我們還是設(shè)法前進(jìn)了。

          Munching the apple as he was, he had got an eye for all John’s movements. 他盡管在一個(gè)勁地嚼著蘋(píng)果,但仍警惕著約翰的一舉一動(dòng)。

          【三條補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明】

          1. 這類(lèi)倒裝的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句可用as, though 來(lái)引導(dǎo),但不能用although來(lái)引導(dǎo);但是,未倒裝的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句則可用though, although來(lái)引導(dǎo),而不能用as來(lái)引導(dǎo)。也就是說(shuō),although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)不能倒裝,as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)必須倒裝,而though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可以倒裝也可以不倒裝。如:

          雖然很晚了,但我們還是繼續(xù)工作。

          正:Late as [though] it was, we still went on working.

          正:Though [Although] it was late, we still went on working.

          誤:Late although it was, we still went on working.

          誤:As it was late, we still went on working.

          2. 上面提到的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)也可用來(lái)表示原因,區(qū)別的辦法主要看句子的內(nèi)容:讓步從句的內(nèi)容大多數(shù)與主句在意義上相反,而原因從句則與主句之間有因果關(guān)系。比較:

          Tired as he was, he sat up late studying at night. 昨晚他雖然很疲倦了,但還是學(xué)習(xí)到很晚才睡。(表讓步)

          Tired as he was, he went to bed early. 因?yàn)楹芾郏运煤茉纭?表原因)

          Young as he was, he was equal to the task. 他雖年輕,卻能勝任這項(xiàng)工作。(表讓步)

          Young as he was, he was not equal to the task. 他因?yàn)槟贻p,所以不能勝任這項(xiàng)工作。(表原因)

          3. 在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中,人們通常用as…as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。如:

          Cold as it was, we went out.=As cold as it was, we went out. 盡管天氣冷,我們還是出去了。

          Successful as he is, he is not proud.=As successful as he is, he is not proud. 他雖成功了,但不驕傲。

          英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法倒裝句知識(shí)點(diǎn):“only+狀語(yǔ)”置于句首句子要倒裝

          【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼,因?yàn)閺?fù)雜難懂的句式和詞組有時(shí)難以記憶。為大家整理了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全,希望對(duì)同學(xué)們的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。

          請(qǐng)看下面一道涉及only的倒裝試題:

          Only in this way __________ able to finish the work in time.

          A. can you be B. are you C. you can be D. you are

          此題應(yīng)選 B。容易誤選D。至于A,C,這比較容易排除,因?yàn)榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞 can 不能與 be able to用在同一謂語(yǔ)中。本題之所以要選B而不選D,主要是因?yàn)榫涫子昧薿nly in thisway 的緣故,按照英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法規(guī)則:“only+狀語(yǔ)”位于句首,句子通常要用倒裝語(yǔ)序(部分倒裝——用一般疑問(wèn)句形式)。如:

          1. “only 副詞”位于句首。如:

          Only then did I realize that I was wrong. 只是到了那時(shí)我才意識(shí)到是我錯(cuò)了。

          2. “only+介詞短語(yǔ)”位于句首。如:

          Only by working hard can you succeed. 只有努力工作你才能成功。

          Only in the reading-room can you find him. 你只有在閱覽室才能找到他。

          3. “only+狀語(yǔ)從句”位于句首。如:

          Only when one loses freedom does one know itsvalue. 一個(gè)人只有在失去自由后才知道自由的可貴。

          注意:若位于句首的不是only+狀語(yǔ),而是 only+賓語(yǔ)等,則通常無(wú)需倒裝(但有時(shí)也可以倒裝)。如:

          Only a policeman the children saw in the street. 孩子們?cè)诮稚现豢吹揭粋(gè)警察。

          Only one more point will I make. 我只再說(shuō)明一點(diǎn)。

          英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法感嘆句知識(shí)點(diǎn):感嘆句的基本句型

          【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼,因?yàn)閺?fù)雜難懂的句式和詞組有時(shí)難以記憶。為大家整理了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全,希望對(duì)同學(xué)們的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。

          【句型一】What + (a / an) + 形容詞 + 名詞 + 主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ)!

          What a clever boy he is! (他是個(gè))多么聰明的男孩啊!

          What an interesting story it is! (這是個(gè))多么有趣的故事啊!

          What fine weather it is! 多好的天氣啊!

          What beautiful flowers they are! (它們是)多么漂亮的花啊!

          【說(shuō)明】 在感嘆句中,What a / an 常用來(lái)修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,若其前面的形容詞為元音開(kāi)頭,則用 an。what 是用來(lái)修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。但有些不可數(shù)名詞,如 rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch 等,當(dāng)前面有形容詞修飾,使抽象名詞具體化時(shí),則要用 what a / an,如:

          What a heavy rain it is! 多大的一場(chǎng)雨啊!

          What a great surprise it is! 這多么令人驚奇啊!

          What a rich breakfast it is! 多么豐盛的一頓早餐啊!

          【句型二】How + 形容詞 / 副詞 + 主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ)!

          How well you look! 你氣色真好!

          How kind you are! 你心腸真好!

          How beautifully you sing! 你唱得真好聽(tīng)!

          Strawberries! How nice! 草莓! 多好呀!

          How clever the boy is! 這個(gè)男孩多么聰明啊!

          How fast he runs! 他跑得多么快啊!

          【說(shuō)明】how還可以修飾動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成感嘆句,但動(dòng)詞不提前。如:

          How I want to be a doctor! 我多么想成為一名醫(yī)生啊!

          How she dances! 她跳得多好啊!

          英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法感嘆句知識(shí)點(diǎn):陳述句改為感嘆句

          【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼,因?yàn)閺?fù)雜難懂的句式和詞組有時(shí)難以記憶。為大家整理了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全,希望對(duì)同學(xué)們的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。

          感嘆句通常有what, how引導(dǎo),表示贊美、驚嘆、喜 悅、等感情。what修飾名詞,how 修飾形容詞,副詞或動(dòng)詞,感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)主要有以下幾種:

          How +形容詞+ a +名詞+其他成分!

          How+形容詞或副詞+其他成分!

          What +名詞+其他成分!

          What +a+形容詞+名詞+其他成分!

          What + 形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+其他成分!

          What + 形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+其他成分!

          請(qǐng)看以下例子:

          It’s an interesting film. 這是一部有趣的電影。

          → What an interesting film it is! 這是一部多有趣的電影啊!

          It’s wonderful weather. 天氣很好。

          → What wonderful weather! 天氣真好!

          He did the work carefully. 他做這工作很仔細(xì)。

          → How carefully he did the work! 他做這工作多仔細(xì)啊!

          Time passed quickly. 時(shí)間過(guò)得很快。

          → How quickly time passed! 時(shí)間過(guò)得真快!

          英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法感嘆句知識(shí)點(diǎn):感嘆句后接附加疑問(wèn)句

          【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼,因?yàn)閺?fù)雜難懂的句式和詞組有時(shí)難以記憶。為大家整理了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全,希望對(duì)同學(xué)們的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。

          感嘆句之后有時(shí)可接附加疑問(wèn)句,如:

          How odd, isn’t it?

          多怪,是不是?

          What a magnificent building, isn’t it?

          多么雄偉的建筑,對(duì)不對(duì)!

          How nice, isn’t it?

          多好呀,不是嗎!

          What a bad cough he has, doesn’t he?

          他咳得好歷害,是不是?

          How exciting the game is, isn’t it?

          好刺激的比賽啊,不是嗎?

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