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      1. 英語四級語法:動詞

        時間:2024-05-31 07:06:40 英語四級 我要投稿

        2016英語四級語法:動詞

          想要學好英語四級語法怎么能不了解動詞運用方法呢?下面就讓小編為大家詳解一下吧。

        2016英語四級語法:動詞

          動詞(時態,語態,用法,省略,一致性等)

          時態

          1)現在完成進行時態(have/has been + -ing 分詞構成): 動作或狀態從過去某時開始,繼續到現在,可能繼續下去,也可能剛剛結束.

          I’ve been writing letters for an hour.

          I’ve been sitting in the garden.

          2)過去完成進行時(由had been + ing分詞構成): 過去某個時刻以前一直在進行的動作

          I’d been working for some time when he called.

          We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came.

          3)將來完成進行時: 將來某個時刻以前一直在進行的動作.

          By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years.

          In another month’s time she’ll have been studying here for three years.

          4)將來完成時(由shall/will have + 過去分詞構成): 將來某時已發生的事.

          I shall have finished this one before lunch.

          They’ll have hit the year’s target by the end of October.

          語態

          可以有兩種被動結構的類型,例如:

          He was said to be jealous of her success.

          It was said that he was jealous of her success.

          能同時適用于上述兩個句型的主動詞通常都是表示“估計”,“相信”等意義的動詞,常見的有assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presume,report,say,suppose,understand等.

          It is supposed that the ship has been sunk.

          The ship is supposed to have been sunk.

          擔當be supposed to 與不定式的一般形式搭配時往往表示不同的意義.例如:

          Why are you driving so fast in this area? You are supposed to know the speed to know the speed limit. (你應該曉得速度限制)

          雙賓語及賓補結構的被動語態

          雙賓語結構的被動語態: 雙賓語結構變為被動語態時,可以把主動結構中的一個賓語變為主語,另一個賓語仍然保留在謂語后面,但多數是把間接賓語變為主語.

          He was asked a number of questions at the press conference.

          Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparations.

          賓補結構的被動語態:

          She was called Big Sister by everybody.

          Then he was made a squad leader.

          He was considered quite qualified for the job.

          The room was always kept clean and tidy.

          短語動詞

          Vi + adv

          The plane took off two hours late.

          Vi + prep

          They looked round the Cathedral.

          Vi + prep (有被動語態)

          延伸閱讀:

          英語的詞通常分為十大類:

          1)名詞(noun,縮寫為n.)是人和事物的名稱,如pen(鋼筆),English(英語),life(生活)。

          2)代詞(pronoun,縮寫為pron.)是用來代替名詞的詞,如we(我們),his(他的),all(全部)。

          3)形容詞(adjective,縮寫為adj.)用來修飾名詞,如great(偉大的),honest(誠實的),difficult(困難的)。

          4)數詞(numeral,縮寫為num.)是表示"多少"和"第幾"的詞,如four(四),eighteen(十八),first(第一),eighth(十八),hundred(一百)。

          5)動詞(verb,縮寫為v)表示動作和狀態,如write(寫),walk(行走),think(想)。

          6)副詞(adverb,縮寫為。adv.)是修飾動詞、形容詞和副詞的詞,如quickly(快),often(經常),very(很)。

          7)冠詞(article,縮寫為art.)說明名詞所指的人或物的詞,如a,an(一個),the(這,那)。

          8)介詞(preposition,縮寫為prep.)表示名詞(或代詞)與句子里其它詞的關系,如from(從),in(在…內),between(在…之間)。

          9)連詞(conjunction,縮寫為conj.)是連接詞、短語、從句和句子的詞,如and(和),because(因為),if(假如)。

          10)感嘆詞(interjection,縮寫為int.)表示感情,如。oh(噢),aha(啊哈),hush(噓)。

          [注一]屬于前六類(名、代、形、數、動、副等詞)的詞都有實義,叫做實詞(notional word)。屬于后四類(冠、介、連、感等詞)的詞沒有實義,叫做虛詞(form word)。

          [注二]不少詞可以屬于幾個詞類,如work(工作;動詞和名詞),fast(快;形容詞和副詞),since(自從;連詞和介詞)等。

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