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高中英語新教材的體會
高中英語新教材體現了以學生的發展為出發點和歸宿,滲透了一系列新的理念。其目的不僅是培養學生的綜合語言能力,發展學生的語言運用能力,還幫助學生形成正確的世界觀、人生觀和價值觀;同時也有助于培養教師和學生的創新精神。經過一年的教學實踐我有以下幾點體會:一、加強單元整體觀念
教師在考慮整個單元的教學計劃、教學方法前必須掌握本單元的教學內容,分析哪些是教學的重點、哪些是教學的難點。這樣有利于合理、科學地安排各課時的教學內容、教學重點和難點,做到課時與課時之間的相互銜接。教材每個單元都有一個總的warming-up,這一warming-up是整個單元內容的引入。如Book lA Unit 5 The silver screen,所以本單元的Warming up就是與熒屏有關。
除了單元總的Warming-up外,我們平時的每一節課前都設計一個warming-up,而這個warming-up就是上節課的回顧和本節課的引入,所以在備課時就要考慮到前一課時與本一課時的自然銜接。每單元的課時內容安排可以根據教材的編排順序從warming-up,listening,speaking,reading,integrating skills,再到work book中的listening,talking,integrating skills;也可根據本單元的內容以及教師的思路安排每課時的教學內容,因為我覺得新教材體現了在理解學生的興趣和困難的基礎上,教師可以進行創造性的和獨立自主的教學,所以有時我就用WB中的listening,或SB中speaking作為reading的引入。如Book lA. Unit 1的課時我們是這樣安排的:
The first period:Warming up & speaking:Topic:Good friend The second period:Reading (Integrating skills:SB and WB & writing.)
Topic:Different kinds of good friends e-pal How to get in touch with a pen-friend,or pen- pal writing e-mail.The third period Reading“Huck’s Friend”(We have different kinds of friends.and we’ll see what kind of friend Huck has)The fourth period:Listening & speaking(SB and WB)Friends have the same interest and opinion but friends can also have different interests or opinions.How to solve the problems Good friends should…
The fifth period:Grammar:Good friends should have……/Good friends→should be.The grammar“direct speech and indirect speech.”The sixth period:Revision:Word study,vocabulary,grammar and so on.
二、精心設計“任務型”的教學活動
教師在教授語言知識與語言技能的同時,還應注意發展學生的智力,培養其可持續發展所需要的創新精神與實踐能力,每節課都應盡可能地提供一個真實情景,設計一個可操作的“任務型”活動,而這一活動一般都以話題為核心,以結構和功能項目為主線,在聽、說、讀、寫教學活動中,安排不同層次和多種形式的實踐活動,這樣的“任務型”活動可以在教材的各個部分中去尋找。在設計“任務型”活動時應特別注意以學生的生活經驗和興趣為出發點,使學生感到真實感。這樣就能促使學生綜合地運用語言,去獲取、處理和使用信息,用英語與他人交流,解決實際問題和完成某個任務,這就培養了學生的合作意識,同時也使學生體驗到運用英語的成就感。如果學生對教師所設計的“任務型”活動很感興趣,他們就會愿講、多講。
老師不必擔心教學任務難以完成,其實學英語在某種程度上是學生學會的,而不是教師教會的。況且,學習英語的目的就是為了交流,如果學生在課堂上能滔滔不絕地講,就不用擔心學生的英語學不好,相反,如果學生在課堂上不愿講而靠老師講,那肯定是學不好英語的,當然也沒有體現以學生為主體的教學原則。即使是語法教學也可設計一個可以操作的“任務型”活動,如教定語從句時,我們先安排學唱英語歌曲,第一遍學生聽并且填所缺的詞,第二遍學生一起唱,第三遍就請兩位學生表演唱,然后老師就引出:
1)XXX is the student who sings us the song.
2)XXX is the student who also sings us the song.
3)XXX and XXX are the students who sing us the song.
引出之后老師可以設計幾個任務:
Task 1.Free talking using attributive clause.( )is a person( ).
Task 2. Complete the sentences:1.A bookworm is a person who( ).
2.A sports fan is a person( ).
3.A nurse( ).
4.A clock is a machine( ).
Task 3. Complete the sentences.(Unit 4)
1.Zhang Heng is the man who( )seismograph in 132.
2.Howard Carter is the man who( )King Tut’s tomb in 1937.
3.The Titanic is the ship( ) after hitting an iceberg.
4.Beijing is the city( )has got the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games.
Task4:Pair work One speaks Chinese and the other speaks English.
Task 5:Practice:teacher,is easy going/treat us as friends;gives us a lot of homework,never makes jokes Model:
A good teacher is one who is easy going.
A good teacher is one who treats us as friends.
A teacher who gives us a lot of homework is not a good one.
A teacher who never makes jokes is not a good one.
根據上述models教師提供:mum/dad,classmate,boyfriend/girlfriend…讓學生組織句子。這樣的教學就體現了“以學生發展為本,以培養學生的綜合運用語言能力為目標的教學框架。所謂以學生發展為本就是在教學活動的設計中以學生為主體,體現出學生在課堂上有事可做。
三、加強閱讀教學
閱讀能力是大部分學生今后繼續深造以及工作所需要的主要語言技能,也是各種考試的主要內容之一。從語言學習的規律來看,英語應用能力的提高是建立在大量的語言輸入,尤其是大量的閱讀的基礎之上的。
因此我們在教學中必須十分注重閱讀能力的培養,我們對教材中的每一篇閱讀材料都要充分地利用,除了每單元的三篇閱讀材料外我們基本上每一單元后再補充一篇與本單元內容有關的課外閱讀;單元中的language points,grammar有時多講點與少講點關系不是很大,因為這種內容重復率很高的,即使課文中沒講到,練習中也會出現。閱讀教學我們基本上也采用常見的模式:fast-reading、careful reading.Fast-reading的問題只要求學生快速閱讀就能找到即可:careful reading的問題可設計一些細節的尋找(time and places,characters…)、分析判斷、推理等方面的問題。如Book LA Unit 4 Reading The Rescue Fast-reading Questions:
1)What natural disaster did Flora and Jeff meet?
2)What rescued them?
Careful-reading:Questions:
1)At the beginning of the story what did Flora hear and see?
2)Where did she see a wall of water that Was quickly advancing towards her? 3)What Was Flora‘S feeling?
4)Where Was Flora when the flood began?
5)Can you describe the house?
6)How many parts can the passage be divided into according to the change of the places?
Discussion:
1)What do you think of Jeff/Flora?
2)What Can we learn from the story?
四、如何處理聽力材料
聽力分為聽力測試(Listening test)和聽力教學(Listening teaching),有的老師所重視的聽力多數是屬于聽力測試,即根據聽力材料選擇正確的答案,因此從高一開始就在進行高考聽力的模擬訓練。而教材中的聽力材料可以作為聽力教學的材料,它有各種形式的答題要求,如:填空題、回答題、完成句子、正誤判斷等;蛟S學生一開始會覺得難度較大,甚至有的老師也這樣認為,據了解有的學?赡馨堰@部分的內容刪去了。其實在聽力教學中關鍵是教師對聽力材料作如何的處理,我們經常做一些“化難為易,化繁為簡”的處理工作。
如對Book LA Unit 3中的listening我們采用了下列的教學步驟:Step 1.Lead-in.
1.What‘s the date today?(Because it Was iust before National Day)
2.What important day will be soon?
3.What will you do in the holiday?
4.Would you like to travel?
5.Where can we go for a travel?——Forbidden City, Eiffel Tower,South Pole/North Pole,the moon,the Ocean…(let Ss say what they like to say.If the Ss don,t say some places,the teacher Can mention)。
6.How Can we travel?(by bus/traln/plane/spaceship/lift/swimming/walking.)
Step 2.Warming-up During National Day,we can go to many places by many means of transportation.So Let‘s make a trip plane for our National Day.——Ex 3 on page 15.You have four choices.Go to london from Shanghai.from Being to Guang Zhou,from Chongqing to Chengdu,from Da lian to Qingdao. Think it over and decide:Which places would you like to go?How would you like to go there? Why?
What would you like to do there?
Suggested answer:I‘d like to go to Qingdao from Dalian by ship because I can enjoy the beautiful sea sights.I will swim in the sea and eat sea food in Qingdao.
Step 3.Li Stening After talking about our trip plan,Let’s lidten to other travelers’plants/experiences.There are five travelers. Listen carefully and find out:Where are they? What did they do? How did they travel?(Finish listening Ex 2)
Step 4.Speaking We Can go to many places by bus…。even by spaceship? In the future,space travel won‘t be very difficult with the development of technology.Imagine there is a time machine,with it you can travel to the past or the future.You can visit any year you want.So discuss with your partner:Which year would you like to go to ? Where would you go? Why? Then make up a dialogue following the example. Step 5.Conclusion Many people are interested in traveling because traveling is exciting and interesting.But remember:What should we do ? What should not we do during the travel?(Looking at the pictures in warming up Ex 1)Are the travelers doing right?
We should travel more because travel can help us a lot.But during the trip we should pay attention to the safety and protect the places of interest and environment.
這樣在聽前進行了一定的引導和鋪墊把聽力材料化難為易,學生在聽力訓練時就有了一定的思想準備,不會覺得手忙腳亂,實現了聽力教學所要達到的目的;同時使一整節課有機的結合起來,步步緊扣。
五、備課組的合作意識
“集體備課,群策群力,集思廣益”既是外語教學質量提高的重要手段,也是備課組活動的主旋律。要提高整個年級學生的成績,團隊精神比獨斗單打更為重要,特別是現行的這套教材,內容多、容量大、知識面廣,如果只憑一個人的精力、時間是忙不過來的,所以我們就利用備課組集體的力量,分頭準備,如收集有關資料、探討教學方法,做到資源共享、資料統一、進度統一、練習統一。經過一年的教學實踐我們取得了較為理想的成果。
以上是我對高中英語新教材改革后幾點心得體會和在教學過程中我們遇到問題時解決的方案。盡管新教材還有這樣或那樣的問題,但我們認為這是一本成功的教材,它為中學英語教學進行素質教育開辟了道路,也為以后編寫出更好的教材奠定了基礎。
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