高考英語閱讀考前復習題環境保護

高考英語閱讀考前復習題環境保護

　　在日常學習、工作生活中，我們都離不開練習題，多做練習方可真正記牢知識點，明確知識點則做練習效果事半功倍，必須雙管齊下。一份什么樣的習題才能稱之為好習題呢？下面是小編幫大家整理的高考英語閱讀考前復習題環境保護，僅供參考，大家一起來看看吧。

　　環境保護

　　Wilderness

　　“In wilderness (荒野) is the preservation of the world.” This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism.The frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection：whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.

　　As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out，there is a strong appeal in images of the wild，the untouched;more than anything else，they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly.The urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong，and the danger exploitation (開發) brings to such landscapes (景觀) is real.Some of these wildernesses also perform functions that humans need—the rainforests，for example，store carbon in vast quantities.To Mr. Sauven，these “ecosystem services” far outweigh the gains from exploitation.

　　Lee Lane，a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute，takes the opposing view.He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services，such as water conservation.But that is not，he argues，a reason to avoid all human presence，or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation.There are ever more people on the Earth，and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives，rather than merely struggle for survival.While the ways of using resources have improved，there is still a growing need for raw materials，and some wildernesses contain them in abundance.If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide，the argument goes，there is no further reason not to do so.Being untouched is not，in itself，a characteristic worth valuing above all others.

　　I look forward to seeing these views taken further，and to their being challenged by the other participants.One challenge that suggests itself to me is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly.And there is a practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.

　　This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings，but also the guidance of reason.What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously deserves much more serious thinking.

　　【語篇解讀】 荒野是否應該開發?仁者見仁，智者見智，兩種觀點針鋒相對，莫衷一是。作者客觀分析，冷靜思考，期待著事態的發展。

　　1.John Sauven holds that ________.

　　A.many people value nature too much

　　B.exploitation of wildernesses is harmful

　　C.wildernesses provide humans with necessities

　　D.the urge to develop the ecosystem services is strong

　　答案　B　[考查推理判斷。第二段的最后一句提到John Sauven認為“生態系統服務”遠比開發的利益重要，由此可推斷他的觀點是開發荒野有害。]

　　2.What is the main idea of Para.3?

　　A.The exploitation is necessary for the poor people.

　　B.Wildernesses cannot guarantee better use of raw materials.

　　C.Useful services of wildernesses are not the reason for no exploitation.

　　D.All the characteristics concerning the exploitation should be treated equally.

　　答案　C　[考查主旨大意。本段第二、三句是對另外一種觀點的概括，意思是荒野的有益服務不能作為不開發的理由。]

　　3.What is the authors attitude towards this debate?

　　A.Objective. B.Disapproving.

　　C.Sceptical. D.Optimistic.

　　答案　A　[考查推理判斷。作者在最后兩段中并沒有直接表明自己的觀點，只是“客觀”地進行敘述。]

　　4.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

　　CP：Central Point　P：Point　Sp：Subpoint(次要點)

　　C：Conclusion

　　答案　D　[考查推理判斷。文章第一段提出中心論點;第二、三兩段分別闡述了兩種不同的觀點;第四段是作者自己的觀點;最后一段是文章的結論。]

　　維B 完形填空(每題1.5分，滿分30分)

　　選材網站：www.cnilt.com/topic

　　高考曾用材料：2012天津卷完形填空

　　選材相似度：★★★★

　　設題相似度：★★★

　　難度系數：★★★★★

　　I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it，when I was 13.My parents took us there for camping.On the way out，I asked them to wait while I ran up to El Capitan，a __1__ rock of 3,300 feet straight up.I touched that giant rock and knew __2__ I wanted to climb it.That has been my lifes passion (鐘愛) ever since—__3__ the rocks and mountains of Yosemite.Ive long made Yosemite my __4__.

　　About 15 years ago I started seeing a lot of __5__，like toilet paper，beer cans，and empty boxes，around the area.Its __6__ me why visitors started respecting the place __7__ and treated such a beautiful homelike place this way.#

　　I tried __8__ trash (垃圾) myself，but the job was too big.I would __9__ an hour or two on the job，only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later.Finally，I got so __10__ it that I decided something had to change.

　　As a rockclimbing guide，I knew __11__ about organizing any big event.But in 2004，together with some climbers，I set a date for a __12__.On that day，more than 300 people __13__.Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash.It was amazing how much we were able to __14__.I couldnt believe the __15__ we made—the park looked clean!

　　Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere.In 2007 alone,2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash and __16__ 132 miles of roadway.

　　I often hear people __17__ about their surroundings.If you are one of them，I would say the only way to change things is by __18__ rather than complaining.We need to teach by __19__.You cant blame others __20__ you start with yourself.

　　【語篇解讀】 本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章以第一人稱的方式進行記敘和議論，主要講述了作者在美國加州優勝美地國家公園(Yosemite National Park)進行環境保護的經歷，表達了作者對這個國家公園的深愛之情。

　　1.A.distant B.huge C.narrow D.loose

　　答案　B　[根據下文“3,300 feet straight up”和“I touched that giant rock...”，可以判斷出El Capitan 是一塊“巨大的(huge)”巖石。distant遙遠的;huge巨大的;narrow狹窄的;loose松散的。B項符合題意。]

　　2.A.immediately B.finally C.gradually D.recently

　　答案　A　[根據下文“That has been my lifes passion(鐘愛)ever since...”，可以判斷出作者非常鐘愛這塊巖石，因此“一觸摸到那塊巖石的時候，立即就有了想要爬的沖動”。immediately立即;finally最后;gradually逐漸地;recently最近。A項符合題意。]

　　3.A.imagining B.painting C.describing D.climbing

　　答案　D　[根據上文語境尤其是2空后的關鍵信息詞“climb”可以判斷出作者最鐘愛的事情是“爬”這個國家公園里的眾多山峰。imagine想象;paint繪畫;describe描繪;climb(攀)爬。D項符合題意。]

　　4.A.garden B.home C.lab D.palace

　　答案　B　[根據上文中能夠體現作者感情的關鍵信息詞“fell in love with”“camping”“lifes passion”等以及下文第7空后面的“homelike”可以判斷出作者對這個國家公園的鐘愛之情已經達到了視其為“(自己的)家園”的程度。garden花園;home家園;lab實驗室;palace宮殿。B項符合題意。]

　　5.A.material B.resources C.waste D.goods

　　答案　C　[根據下文like后所列舉的物品以及8空后的trash可以推斷出作者目睹的是“很多的垃圾/廢棄物”。material材料;resource資源;waste廢棄物;goods貨物。C項符合題意。]

　　6.A.beyond B.against C.over D.within

　　答案　A　[根據下文“why...”從句的內容和表達的語氣，可以判斷出作者對人們如此不愛護這個公園的環境，反而任意破壞這里的環境的行為感到非常不理解。beyond sb為固定結構，常用來表示“某人不理解……”。A項符合題意。]

　　7.A.more B.most C.less D.least

　　答案　C　[根據上文描述的亂扔各種垃圾的現象以及7空后面的“and treated such a beautiful homelike place this way”，可以判斷出人們對這個公園“尊重/愛護得越來越少了”。more更多;most最多;less更少;least最少。C項符合題意。]

　　8.A.throwing away B.picking up

　　C.breaking down D.digging out

　　答案　B　[根據下文描述的“幾周后我發現這片區域又被人們扔滿了垃圾”，以及16空前面的picked up，trash等關鍵信息詞可以判斷出作者開始親自“撿”垃圾。throw away扔掉;pick up撿起;break down分解;出故障;dig out挖掘出。B項符合題意。]

　　9.A.kill B.save C.wait D.spend

　　答案　D　[根據本句語境“在這個工作上……一到兩個小時”和關鍵信息詞on可知考查固定結構spend some time on...表示“在……上花費……(時間)”。kill殺死，消磨;save挽救，節省;wait等待;spend花費。D項符合題意。]

　　10.A.satisfied with B.delighted inC.tired of D.used to

　　答案　C　[根據上文描述的“幾周之后發現又被人們扔滿了垃圾”，可以判斷出作者對此已經“心生厭倦”，故而決定“要變換一下方式”了。(get)satisfied with對……滿意;(get)delighted in對……高興;(get)tired of對……厭倦;(get)used to習慣于……。C項符合題意。]

　　11.A.something B.anythingC.everything D.nothing

　　答案　D　[根據上文描述的原因“身為一個登山的向導”，以及后文“But in 2004...”中的關鍵信息詞But表示轉折語意可以判斷出作者“對如何組織大型的活動毫無經驗、一無所知”。something某些東西;anything任何東西;everything一切事物;nothing沒有任何東西。D項符合題意。]

　　12.A.clean up B.party C.picnic D.concert

　　答案　A　[根據下一段描述的“每年來自各地的志愿者都來參加清掃活動”，尤其是關鍵信息詞clean up可以判斷出12空處是作者聯合其他的登山者定好了一個固定的“清掃活動”的日期。clean up清掃活動;party聚會;picnic野餐;concert音樂會。A項符合題意。]#

　　13.A.dropped out B.showed up

　　C.looked around D.called back

　　答案　B　[根據前后語境尤其是下一段所描述的眾多志愿者加入此項清掃活動后的效果，可以推斷出此處強調的是超過300人“到來/露面”。drop out脫離，輟學;show up出現，露面;look around環顧四周;call back喊回，叫回。B項符合題意。]

　　14.A.demand B.receiveC.accomplish D.overcome

　　答案　C　[根據上文描述的清掃活動的效果“we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash”，可以判斷出“我們所完成的任務令我們自己都感到驚訝”。demand要求;receive收到;accomplish完成;overcome克服。C項符合題意。]

　　15.A.plan B.visit C.contact D.difference

　　答案　D　[上文描述了作者和眾多志愿者參加清掃活動所取得的成績，之前很多人亂扔垃圾導致很臟亂與現在清掃之后的清潔干凈形成鮮明對比，據此可以判斷出作者對“產生的變化/影響”深感驚訝和欣慰。故用make a /the difference構成固定結構表達此意。plan計劃;visit游覽;contact聯系;difference變化，差別。D項符合題意。]

　　16.A.crossed B.measured C.covered D.designed

　　答案　C　[根據上文提到的“In 2007 alone...”，以及生活常識可以判斷出在2007年一年的時間里，作者和2 945名志愿者共行程132英里，撿了42 330磅垃圾。cross橫穿過;measure測量;cover行走(路程);design設計。C項符合題意。]

　　17.A.talk B.complain C.argue D.quarrel

　　答案　B　[根據下文18空后面的“rather than complaining”，可以判斷出此處強調作者經常聽到有人只是一味地“抱怨”周圍環境糟糕。talk談話;complain抱怨;argue爭論;quarrel爭吵。B項符合題意。]

　　18.A.doing B.thinking C.questioning D.watching

　　答案　A　[根據上文所描述的作者親身所做的事情以及20空后“you start with yourself”，可以判斷出作者贊成的做法是“從自身做起而不是一味地抱怨”。do做;think思考;question質問;watch注視。A項符合題意。]

　　19.A.method B.explanation C.example D.research

　　答案　C　[根據上下文所描述的作者贊成的“拿出行動而不要一味地抱怨”這一態度，可以推斷出作者推崇的方法是teach by example“以身作則/親身示范”。method方法;explanation解釋;example例子，榜樣;research調查。C項符合題意。]

　　20.A.although B.if C.when D.unless

　　答案　D　[根據本段所描述的作者贊成的做法和態度，可以判斷出作者最終要強調的是“不要去責備別人除非是先從(責備)你自己開始”，即從自我行動開始改變是最重要的，而不是只把注意力集中在別人的錯誤上。although盡管;if如果;when當……時候;unless除非。D項符合題意。]

　　維C 閱讀理解(每題2分，滿分分)

　　選材網站：www.bbc.co.uk

　　高考曾用材料：2012陜西卷C篇

　　選材相似度：★★★★

　　設題相似度：★★★

　　難度系數：★★★★

　　Prince Charles yesterday promised to reduce the royal impact on the environment through sweeping changes to his personal lifestyle and official schedule.The prince will replace carbonheavy private jets and helicopters with scheduled flights and train services.

　　The move came as Prince Charles urged business leaders to publish the environmental impact of their activities.He said，“Few accountants and business decisionmakers ask，‘How much of our critical natural resource is left? How many miles of polar ice cap has our business helped melt this year?By how many inches have we raised sea levels? How many species have we put at risk? How many homes will be flooded，how many people will die of thirst or starvation because of our activities?’ These are not comfortable questions，but，by God，they need to be asked.”

　　He added，“At the moment these costs do not appear in anyones books.Yet they are real，they are incurred now and in a relatively short time，the damage being caused may be beyond remedy.” He said the world was “running up the_biggest_global_credit_card_debt in history，but with little or no thought for how the bill will ever be paid”.

　　Flanked by the prime minister and business and community leaders at St James Palace，the prince said his new “accounting for sustainability” project would give consumers the power to choose products that caused less damage to the planet.

　　Duchy Originals，the Princes food company，is taking steps to quantify how much carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas is emitted in growing，processing and distributing its products.

　　The changes to the Princes travel arrangements announced yesterday are part of a wider review of the carbon footprint associated with activities at all three of his residences: Clarence House in London，Highgrove and Birkhall on the Balmoral estate，as well as the activities of his 21 personal and 105 fulltime staff.

　　Measures include a review of electricity use，commuter and other staff travel and are intended to identify further reductions in carbon dioxide emissions.The review will report in June，when Clarence House will announce annual targets to reduce carbon emissions.

　　Notes：#

　　incur vt.遭受　②remedy n.補救�、踫ustainability n.可持續性�、躢ommuter n.通勤者　flanked by兩側有

　　長短句分析：Flanked by the prime minister and business and community leaders at St James Palace，the prince said his new “accounting for sustainability” project would give consumers the power to choose products that caused less damage to the planet.

　　句法點睛：本句中，“Flanked by...”為過去分詞短語作狀語，said后面跟了賓語從句。在賓語從句中，that引導了定語從句，修飾products。

　　句意：在圣詹姆斯宮，在首相和商務部領導人的陪同下，王子說他對可行性工程的新估算將會給消費者選擇對我們的地球較少危害的產品的權利。

　　【語篇解讀】 英國的查爾斯王子準備為環保事業身體力行，改變自己的生活方式，以減少溫室氣體的排放。

　　1.One of the moves Prince Charles will take to reduce the royal impact on the environment is ________.

　　A.taking private jets that are not carbonheavy

　　B.taking helicopters instead of private jets

　　C.taking trains instead of scheduled flights

　　D.taking scheduled flights instead of helicopters

　　答案　D　[細節理解題。根據文章第一段可知，查爾斯王子改變生活方式的途徑是乘班機和火車，不再乘污染嚴重的噴氣式飛機和直升機。]

　　2.How does Prince Charles feel about business leaders in terms of environmental protection?

　　A.Dissatisfied. B.Disappointed.

　　C.Doubtful. D.Impatient.

　　答案　A　[推理判斷題。從文章第二段查爾斯王子對商界一連串的發問可以看出他的不滿。]

　　3.Duchy Originals will ________ in response to Prince Charles calls.

　　A.make as much green food as possible

　　B.cut down on its electricity use

　　C.figure out its greenhouse gas emission

　　D.reduce its greenhouse gas emission

　　答案　C　[細節理解題�！癉uchy Originals...is taking steps to quantify how much carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas is emitted...”中的quantify作動詞用，意思是“量化”，同C項的figure out(計算出)意思接近，因此C項正確。]

　　4.The underlined phrase “the biggest global credit card debt” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to ________.

　　A.the great amount of waste produced by industry

　　B.the great damage caused for the environment

　　C.the great amount of debts of the royal family

　　D.the high cost of industry in the producing process

　　答案　B　[詞義猜測題。根據語境判斷，此處短語指的是我們對環境的破壞，查爾斯王子把它形象地比喻成我們“對地球的最大欠賬”。]

　　維D 根據短文內容，從下框的A～F選項中選出能概括每一段主題的最佳選項。選項中有一項為多余項。(每題2分，滿分10分)

　　A.What to see：Plants

　　B.What the features of the preserve are

　　C.What to see：Animals

　　D.What the Conservancy is doing

　　E.What the route around the preserve is

　　F.How to get more information for your visit

　　Moomomi Preserve Island of Molokai

　　1.

　　Moomomi Preserve is a last center of a major Hawaiian coastal ecosystem，a holdover from an ancient era.Strong and steady northeast trade winds shape the dunes(沙丘) of Moomomi，creating linear(線狀的) dunes a mile long and hundreds of feet wide.At first glance，these dunes appear nearly barren.Yet within these vast communities of native grass and shrubs grow more rare coastal species than in any other single place in the main Hawaiian Islands.

　　2.Nature Conservancy staff and volunteers lead a monthly hike through this beach preserve.An event schedule is available here.For more information on visiting this preserve，contact the Molokais field office at (808) 5535236 or email hike_molokai@tnc.org.

　　3.The preserve harbours more than 22 native Hawaiian plant species，four of which are globally rare or endangered.These rare plants，like akoko and ena ena，grow very well in the dry，windy，saltsprayed environment.A number of the sunflower family，Tetramolopium rockii，can be found only at Moomomi.

　　4.Moomomi Preserve is an important nesting site for the endangered green sea turtle.Deposits of bird bones show that the dunes were once home to at least 30 bird species，about onethird of which have since disappeared：the sea eagle，the flightless ibis，and the giant flightless duck，among others.The Hawaiian owl is one of the few native land birds that can still be observed regularly at Moomoni.Native shorebirds，like sanderlings and plovers，and seabirds，like the great frigate bird，can also be seen along the shoreline.

　　5.Moomomi Preserve is managed in partnership with the State Department of Land & Natural Resources through the Natural Area Partnership Program.By protecting the dunes and beaches of Moomomi，the Conservancy is protecting native plants found nowhere else on the earth.It is also protecting habitat for the rare Hawaiian monk seals and seabirds like the Laysan albatross，in the hope that these species will once again settle down on Moomomis beaches.

　　答案　1.B　2.F　3.A　4.C　5.D

　　高考英語考試中英語閱讀題是不容丟分的部分，也是與其他考生拉開距離的地方，所以切記要多做題練題感。還有，夢想還是要有的，萬一考上了呢。小編也順便在這里預祝將要高考的同學們考試順利，高考英語六六六。

　　拓展：環境類高考英語閱讀理解練習題及答案

　　The deserts of the world are not all covered with sand. Many of them have surfaces of rock or clay or small stones. They are not flat, either. They often have high hills and deep valleys. There is some plants’ life in many. The deserts of the wor parts of the desert. There is little rain in the desert, but it does fall often enough for most plants.The deserts of the world are not uninhabited(not lived by people). People also live outside oases(綠洲), but these people are not farmers. They have camels, goats, donkeys, sheep, etc. These animals can live on the desert plants and do not need much water.The people of the desert have to move constantly from place to place, they must always look for grass or desert plants for their animals. They usually live in tents. When there is no more food for their animals, they fold up their tents, pat them on their camels and donkeys, and move to another place. In good years, when there is enough food for their animals, they trade their skins and their goats and camel hairs with the people of oases for wheat and fruit. But in bad years, when there is not enough food for their animals, the people of the desert would attack the oases people. But they are also hospitable, no man in the desert would ever refuse to give a stranger food and water.

　　1. According to the passage, deserts are mostly made up of _______.

　　A. clay

　　B. rock

　　C. sand

　　D. stones

　　2. The underlined word “hospitable” has the meaning of being _______.

　　A. brave

　　B. cruel

　　C. strange

　　D. kind

　　3. In the desert _______.

　　A. it rains in spring only

　　B. it rains for a short time every month

　　C. there is some rain, but far from enough

　　D. the rainfall is just enough for the plants

　　4. People live _______.

　　A. only inside the oases

　　B. only outside the oases

　　C. both inside and outside the oases

　　D. in places with regular rainfalls

　　5. From the passage we know that life _______.

　　A. is hard in deserts

　　B. is happy in deserts

　　C. is impossible in deserts

　　D. in deserts in much better now

　　【答案與解析】本文講述的是沙漠的自然環境和沙漠人的生活情況。

　　1. C。推理判斷題。根據第1段第1、2句The deserts of the world are not all covered with sand. Many of them have surfaces of rock or clay or small stones(世界上的沙漠并非全都覆蓋著沙。許多沙漠表面有巖石、泥土或小石子)世界上的沙漠并非全都覆蓋著沙。許多沙漠表面有巖石、泥土或小石子可推知沙漠主要是由沙組成的。故答案為C。

　　2. D。推理判斷題。推斷詞義。根據文章最后一句No man in the desert would ever refuse to give a stranger food and water由沙漠里沒有人會拒絕給一個陌生人飯和水，可推斷他們是很友好的(hospitable)，故答案為D。

　　3. C。推理判斷題。根據第1段最后一句There is little rain in the desert, but it does fall often enough for most plants可知沙漠有少量降水，但并不充足。故答案為C。

　　4. C。推理判斷題。根據第2段第2句People also live outside oases(綠洲)和第3段中they trade their skins and their goats and camel hairs with the people of oases for wheat and fruit 可知人們有住在綠洲內的，也有住在綠洲外的。故答案為C。

　　5. A。推理判斷題。根據第3段The people of the desert have to move constantly from place to place可知沙漠人住得不穩定；They usually live in tents住得不舒服；When there is no more food for their animals食物不充足。由此可推斷沙漠生活的艱難。故答案為A。

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